Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV)-induced B-cell leukemia in sheep is a valuable large animal model for investigating oncogenic mechanisms, particularly those associated with human T-cell leukemia virus 1 (HTLV-1). Multiple factors including viral genes, genetic and epigenetic alterations, and the host immune system are likely to contribute and cooperate in the leukemogenesis of adult T-cell leukemia...

Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) DNA sequences were detected in different tissues, in addition to epithelium. Cytogenetic abnormalities were observed in blood lymphocytes. The presence of more than one virus in a single tissue is a difficult aspect to evaluate, especially when the DNA sequences are detected in tissues that are not specifically targeted by the virus. BPV and bovine leukemia virus (BL...

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and the human T-cell leukemia virus types I and II comprise a unique retrovirus subfamily which has evolved complex strategies for the regulation of gene expression. A transcriptional control circuit has been characterized in both human and bovine systems in which cis-acting promoter control elements are responsive to trans-acting factors encoded in the pX region of ...

This cross-sectional study evaluated risk factors associated with farm-level bovine leukemia virus (BLV) seropositivity in 563 dairy and 490 beef farms throughout Japan. Twenty randomly selected cattle on each farm were serologically tested, and farm epidemiologiocal information was obtained through face-to-face interviews. Due to the large number of zero-prevalence dairy and beef farms, data a...

Horizontal transmission is recognized as a major infection route for bovine leukemia virus (BLV), and cattle with high viral loads are considered to be a major infectious source in a herd. However, a correlation between viral loads and the risk of infection has been insufficient to use as a foundation for BLV control strategies. In this report, we examined the epidemiology of BLV infection and ...

Human T-cell leukemia virus type III (HTLV-III) was recently identified as the probable etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Here it is shown that, in human T-cell lines infected with HTLV-III, gene expression directed by the long terminal repeat sequence of this virus is stimulated by more than two orders of magnitude compared to matched uninfected cells. The rate...

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus responsible for lymphoproliferative disorders in cattle. Although infections of BLV in animals are well known, little is known about its capacity to infect humans. This study investigated the presence of anti-BLV antibodies and BLV proviruses in human and cattle samples. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect anti-BL...