background and aim: aging is accompanied with changes in cognitive capacities. in spite of advances in neural imaging technologies, there is not a straightforward method to observe cognitive functions. for assessing brain functions, researchers mainly use psychometric tests. the aim of this study was using consonant-vowel (cv) dichotic test as a non-invasive behavioral test for auditory attenti...

This paper summarizes a theory to support the design of assemblies. It describes a top-down process for designing kinematically constrained assemblies that deliver geometric key characteristics (KCs) that achieve top-level customer requirements. The theory applies to assemblies that take the form of mechanisms (e.g., engines) or structures (e.g., aircraft fuselages). The process begins by creat...

Agent based models are often described as bottom-up. Macro level phenomena emerge from the micro level interactions of agents. These macro level phenomena include fixed points, dynamic patterns, and long transients. In this paper, I explore the link between micro level characteristics – learning rules, diversity, network structure, and externalities – and the macro level patterns they produce. ...

Processing large images is a common issue in the computer vision framework with applications such as satellite or microscopic images. The major problem comes from the size of those images that prevents them from being loaded globally into memory. Moreover, such images contain different information at different levels of resolution. For example, global features, such as the delimitation of a tis...

Existing models of financial instability tend to be based on top-down, partial-equilibrium views of markets and their interactions; they are unable to incorporate the complexity of behavior among heterogeneous firms or the tendency for all types of firms to change their behavior during a crisis. This paper argues that agent-based models (ABMs)—which seek to explain how the behavior of individua...

Abstract. We present a general algorithm for determining all intra fact type uniqueness constraints in a fact type with n roles. For Fact Oriented Methods of information modeling that work with elementary fact types, a top-down approach is shorter than a bottom-up approach for fact types with more than two roles. The algorithm is shorter (in terms of the number of tests to be performed) than th...

Attention and memory are very closely related and their aim is to simplify the acquired data into an intelligent structured data set. Two main points are discussed in this paper. The first one is the presentation of a novel visual attention model for still images which includes both a bottom-up and a top-down approach. The bottom-up model is based on structures rarity within the image during th...

An important characteristic of a virtual human is the ability to direct its perceptual attention to objects and locations in a virtual environment in a manner that looks believable and serves a functional purpose. We have developed a computational model of perceptual attention that mediates top-down and bottom-up attention processes of virtual humans in virtual environments. In this paper, we p...

Theorem provers based on model elimination have exhibited extremely high inference rates but have lacked a redundancy control mechanism such as subsumption. In this paper we report on work done to modify a model elimination theorem prover using two techniques, caching and lemmaizing, that have reduced by more than an order of magnitude the time required to find proofs of several problems and th...

Computational models of cortical associative memory often take a top-down approach. We have previously described such an abstract model with a hypercolumnar structure. Here we explore a similar, biophysically detailed but subsampled network model of neocortex. We study how the neurodynamics and associative memory properties of this biophysical model relate to the abstract model as well as to ex...