6 Practical engineering applications of open channel flow modelling involve geometric terms 7 arising from variations in channel shape, bottom slope and friction. This paper presents the 8 family of schemes that satisfy the generalised C-property for which static equilibrium is a 9 particular case, in the framework of one-dimensional open channel flows. This approach, 10 named Auxiliary Variabl...

A significant fraction of the total oceanic kinetic energy in the southern and western Weddell Sea is supplied by tidal currents [Robertson et al., 1998: denoted “RPE-98”]. The region of strong tides includes the ocean cavity under the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelves (FRIS), and the adjacent broad southern continental shelf and upper slope. The spatial distribution of tidal energy was estimated usin...

Along various stretches of the Antarctic margins, dense Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) escapes its formation sites and descends the continental slope. This export necessarily raises the isopycnals associated with lighter density classes over the continental slope, resulting in density surfaces that connect the near-freezing waters of the continental shelf to the much warmer CDW at mid-depth offs...

The study examined the effect of Frankia, macronutrients, micronutrients, mycorrhizal fungi, and plant-growth-promoting fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. on total biomass, nodule weight, and nitrogen fixation of red alder (Alnus rubra) and snowbrush (Ceanothus velutinus) under greenhouse conditions. The soil samples were collected from a 10-year-old clearcut on the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, O...

Direct and large eddy simulations are performed to study the internal waves generated by the oscillation of a barotropic tide over a model ridge of triangular shape. The objective is to go beyond linear theory and assess the role of nonlinear interactions including turbulence in situations with low tidal excursion number. The criticality parameter, defined as the ratio of the topographic slope ...

A theoretical study of the transformation of large amplitude internal solitary waves (ISW) of permanent form over a slope–shelf topography is considered using as basis the Reynolds equations. The vertical fluid stratification, amplitudes of the propagating ISWs, and the bottom parameters were taken close to those observed in the Andaman and Sulu Seas. The problem was solved numerically. It was ...

Suppose K is a hyperbolic knot in a solid torus V intersecting a meridian disk D twice. We will show that if K is not the Whitehead knot and the frontier of a regular neighborhood of K ∪ D is incompressible in the knot exterior, then K admits at most one exceptional surgery, which must be toroidal. Embedding V in S gives infinitely many knots Kn with a slope rn corresponding to a slope r of K i...

A time-dependent extension of the reduced wave equation of Berkhoff is developed for the case of waves propagating over a bed consisting of ripples superimposed on an otherwise slowly varying mean depth which satisfies the mild-slope assumption. The ripples are assumed to have wavelengths on the order of the surface wavelength but amplitudes which scale as a small parameter along with the botto...