The emulation theory of representation is developed and explored as a framework that can revealingly synthesize a wide variety of representational functions of the brain. The framework is based on constructs from control theory (forward models) and signal processing (Kalman filters). The idea is that in addition to simply engaging with the body and environment, the brain constructs neural circu...

In Astyanax (Poecilurichthys), we recognize six species-groups defined by the distribution of melanophores on body: 1. bimaculatus; 2. rupununi; 3. abramis: 4. orthodus; 5. asuncionensis; and 6. anterior, which are named for a representative species. brevoortii1 is redescribed using specimens from Trinidad (including types). This species, as member bimaculatus species-group, distinguished lacki...

Objectives: The GALS (Gait, Arms, Legs and Spine) examination is a compact version of standard procedures used by rheumatologists to determine musculoskeletal disorders in patients. Computerization of such a clinical procedure is necessary to ensure an objective evaluation. This article presents the first steps in such an approach by outlining a procedure to use motion analysis techniques as a ...

A discussion is presented outlining the necessary elements required of chiropractors to work successfully in hospitals.

Stimulus equivalence, as presented by Sidman and his colleagues, relational frame theory, proposed Hayes are two of the main alternatives for explaining emergent relations between stimuli. The goal this study is to analyze Hayes’s criticisms Sidman’s conceptual contributions 1982 1994. colleagues deviated from when former argued following: contingencies that systematically arranged a verbal com...