With advances in technology and people’s increasing emphasis on health issues, there has been a rapid development of wearable and implantable biomedical sensors. However, radio frequency waves dominate wireless communications, despite disadvantages such as high attenuation in the human body, considerable power consumption, and complicated wireless antenna design, which has hampered the developm...

86 world in technology development. From the perspective of communications and networking technologies, as well as associated algorithms, protocols, and controls, APL’s efforts include providing the following: • Maximum wireless communication capability out of limited spectrum, especially in challenging communication environments, including intermittent and unpredictable link availability becau...

Recent technological advances have enabled distributed information gathering from a given region by deploying a large number of networked tiny microsensors which are low power devices equipped with programmable computing, multiple sensing and communication capability thus forms Wireless Sensor networks. Directed Diffusion is a data centric routing protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). It ...

Kjell Sorme of Ericcson argues that the “mobile internet is more than making the Internet mobile...it will enable a whole new set of services that can be tailored to the location and individual preferences, needs and circumstances of the mobile user” (Sorme 2001). He describes three phases of mobile Internet development. The first is using the cell phone to provide network connection for laptop...

A WSN is a specialized wireless network made up of a large number of sensors and at least one base station. Sensor Network are emerging as a new tool for important application in diverse fields like military surveillance, habitat monitoring, weather, home electrical appliances and others. Technically, sensor network nodes are limited in respect to energy supply, computational capacity and commu...

Achieved wireless networks since its beginning the prevalent wide due to the increasing wireless devices represented by smart phones and laptop, and the proliferation of networks coincides with the high speed and ease of use of the Internet and enjoy the delivery of various data such as video clips and games. Here's the show the congestion problem arises and represent   aim of the research is t...