ES-62, a glycoprotein secreted by the filarial nematode Acanthocheilonema viteae, has been shown to modulate the immune system through subversion of signal transduction pathways operating in various immune system cells. With respect to human bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs), ES-62 was previously shown to inhibit FcϵRI-mediated mast cell functional responses such as degranulation and pro-i...

In the skin, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is released from various types of cells by environmental stimuli via nonlytic mechanisms, cell damage, or acute death. Because ATP a potent inducer skin inflammation, it has to be promptly hydrolyzed for achieve homeostasis. Of note, activates mast (MCs) through P2X7R, leading enhanced inflammation. However, MC involvement in impairment inflammation hyd...

BACKGROUND High concentrations of plasmatic IgE have been related to distinct systemic inflammatory conditions that frequently predispose individuals to hypersensitivity reactions. Although effects of IgE have been suggested to relay on the low-intensity activation of distinct effector elements of the immune system, such as mast cells (MC), experimental evidence on the role of IgE-induced produ...

Objective: The cell therapy is at present considered a novel solution for the regeneration and also for the treatment of some disease of many tissues including bone and other mesenchymal derived tissues. The Legg-Calvè-Perthes (LCP) syndrome is a degenerative disease of the hip joint which is characterized by idiopatic avascular osteonecrosis of femoral head. This disease typically occurs in yo...

We report the development of a potent anti-CD38 immunotoxin capable of killing human myeloma and lymphoma cell lines. The immunotoxin is composed of an anti-CD38 antibody HB7 conjugated to a chemically modified ricin molecule wherein the binding sites of the B chain have been blocked by covalent attachment of affinity ligands (blocked ricin). Conjugation of blocked ricin to the HB7 antibody has...

We have recently shown that peripheral blood T cells of multiple myeloma (MM) patients are very susceptible to stimulation of the T-cell receptor/CD3 complex with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). CD3 stimulation is currently under clinical investigation as a nonspecific approach to boost antitumor effector mechanisms. The aim of this study was to determine whether the hyperreactivity of ...

INTRODUCTION In addition to the pivotal roles of mast cells in allergic diseases, recent data suggest that mast cells play crucial roles in a variety of autoimmune responses. However, their roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune skeletal muscle diseases have not been clarified despite their distribution in skeletal muscle. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the roles of mas...

Serglycin (SG) proteoglycans (PG) are predominantly located intracellularly in secretory vesicles of hematopoietic cells such as macrophages, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), monocytes, basophils, neutrophils and mast cells (MCs). These PGs are characterized by their protease-resistant serine and glycine-rich core and also by their covalently attached negatively charged glycosaminoglycans (GAG) ...

KIT receptor is required for mast cell development, survival, and migration toward its ligand stem cell factor (SCF). Many solid tumors express SCF and this leads to mast cell recruitment to tumors and release of mediators linked to tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis. Here, we investigate whether FES protein-tyrosine kinase, a downstream effector of KIT signaling in mast cells, is requi...

BACKGROUND The migration of dendritic cells (DCs) from the lungs to the regional lymph nodes is necessary for the development of allergic airway disease. Following activation, mast cells release a variety of stored or de novo-produced inflammatory mediators, several of them being capable of activating DCs. In this study, the role of mast cells on DC migration from the lungs to the thoracic lymp...