Transformation of coated bloodstream forms of Trypunosomu hrircei t o procyclic forms in vitro occurs over a period of 4-5 days 111, during which time the parasite changes its morphology and adapts its metabolism to life within the insect mid-gut [2,3]. One of the best characterized events during transformation is the loss o f the variable surface glycoprotein (VSG) that constitutes the dense s...

We compared manual and computer-assisted bloodstream infection surveillance for adult inpatients at two hospitals. We identified hospital-acquired, primary, central-venous catheter (CVC)-associated bloodstream infections by using five methods: retrospective, manual record review by investigators; prospective, manual review by infection control professionals; positive blood culture plus manual C...

Clinicians of all specialties need to be aware of a recent, nationwide increase in the number of Actinomyces bloodstream infections. We report a case of bimicrobial bloodstream infection with Actinomyces odontolyticus and Escherichia coli in an intravenous drug user. A 36-year-old, male intravenous drug user was admitted with acute-onset pleuritic chest pain, back pain, pyrexia, tachycardia, ta...

I have a specific question about the HIV virus that a friend asked me; I want to make sure to give her the correct answer. She thinks that the virus can only be transmitted from bloodstream to bloodstream, that is, only infected blood in contact with another's blood can infect another person. I thought that the virus can also be absorbed through skin tissue ? body fluids can thus infect another...

Regulation of intracellular pH (pH(i)) and H(+) efflux were investigated in Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream and procyclic trypomastigotes using the fluorescent dyes 2', 7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) acetoxymethyl ester and free BCECF respectively. pH(i) in bloodstream and procyclic trypomastigotes was 7.47+/-0.06 and 7. 53+/-0.07 respectively. Differences in the mechani...

Background Bloodstream Infection and Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (BSI/CLABSI) in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are associated with clinical and economic burden. Chlorhexidine gluconate body washing with washcloths (CHG-WC) has been described as potentially effective towards reducing the spread of infection. Current systematized evidence has not fully ascertained the impact of CH...

Understanding local susceptibility patterns is important when selecting antimicrobials for initial empirical antibiotic-therapy of bloodstream infections. Because the determination of susceptibility is dependent on the breakpoints used, the aim of the study was to compare the antimicrobial susceptibility results to different classes of antibiotics of 512 strains of Enterobacteriaceae (200 ESβL ...