Let S be a many sorted signature. A gate of S is an element of the operation symbols of S. Let A be a set and let f be a function. One can check that A 7−→ f is function yielding. Let f , g be non-empty functions. Observe that f +·g is non-empty. Let A, B be sets, let f be a many sorted set indexed by A, and let g be a many sorted set indexed by B. Then f +·g is a many sorted set indexed by A∪B...

Advances in technology equip tra c domain with instruments to gather and analyze data for safe and fuele cient traveling. This article elaborates on the e↵ects from taxi drivers route selection on fuel e ciency. We fuse real driving behavior data from taxi cabs, weather, and digital map information for fuel consumption prediction. That way we compare actually driven trips and their quickest and...

Latimer et al. (Reports, 9 September 2005, p. 1722) used an approximate likelihood function to estimate parameters of Hubbell's neutral model of biodiversity. Reanalysis with the exact likelihood not only yields different estimates but also shows that two similar likelihood maxima for very different parameter combinations can occur. This reveals a limitation of using species abundance data to g...

The range of dialectometric methods suggests the need for validation work. We propose a gold standard, based on the consensual classification of a well-studied area. Fidelity to the gold standard is assessed via matrix overlap measures (Rand and Fowlkes/Mallows). Word-based techniques in which varieties are compared to each other directly emerge as superior.

Autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models are useful statistical tools to examine the dynamical characteristics of ecological time-series data. Here, we illustrate the utility and challenges of applying ARMA (p,q) models, where p is the dimension of the autoregressive component of the model, and q is the dimension of the moving average component. We focus on parameter estimation and model sel...

Earlier this year, after three years of planning and negotiations, a collection of approximately 100,000 Inuit drawings and prints was transferred on loan from the West Baffin Eskimo Co-operative Ud. in the eastern Canadian Arctic to the McMichael Canadian Art Collection in southern Canada. The arrival of this collection marked the beginning of a multi-year co-operative project between the two ...

We identify a collection of primitive elements generating the Hopf algebra NCSym of symmetric functions in noncommuting variables and give a combinatorial formula for the antipode.

This paper describes the properties of a two-stage estimator of the dependence parameter in the Clayton-Oakes multivariate failure time model. The parameter is estimated from a likelihood function in which the marginal hazard functions are replaced by estimates. The method extends the approach of Shih and Louis (1995) and Genest, Ghoudi and Rivest (1995) to allow the marginal hazard for failure...

Some constraints on functions from sets and relations to sets are studied. Such constraints are satisfied by anaphoric functions, that is functions denoted by anaphoric determiners. These constraints are generalisations of anaphor conditions known from the study of simpler cases of nominal anaphors. In addition a generalisation of the notion of conservativity as applied to anaphoric functions i...

i<κ λi/I, where κ < mini<κ λi. Here we prove this theorem under weaker assumptions such as wsat(I) < mini<κ λi, where wsat(I) is the minimal θ such that κ cannot be delivered to θ sets / ∈ I (or even slightly weaker condition). We also look at the existence of exact upper bounds relative to <I (<I −eub) as well as cardinalities of reduced products and the cardinals TD(λ). Finally we apply this ...