The aim of this study was to determine and compare the visual accuracy of students and experienced orthodontists in distinguishing the different skeletal classes and facial biotypes using only lateral photographs. A group of 19 orthodontic students (4 males and 15 females, aged between 23 and 30 years) and 9 experienced orthodontists (three males and six females, aged between 30 and 56 years) w...

Antiserum to Staphylococcus aureus strain 17 was treated with S. aureus strain 61218 until the antibodies against thermostable agglutinogen were removed. The absorbed serum agglutinated phage-typable as well as phageuntypable staphylococci of human biotype, whether recovered from people or from dogs.

Vibrio vulnificus is an environmental organism that causes septic human infections characterized by high morbidity and mortality. The annual incidence and global distribution of this pathogen are increasing as ocean waters warm. Clinical strains exhibit variations in the primary virulence toxin, suggesting a potential for the emergence of new strains with altered virulence properties. A clonal ...

Streptococcus bovis (SB) is a gram-positive, catalase negative, facultative anaerobic coccus that forms part of the usual flora in the digestive system of 10% of healthy people.1 SB belongs to the “bovis” group or Group D streptococci. This Group contains various species: S. equinus, S. gallolyticus (subspecies galactolyticus -biotype I – and pasterianus – biotype II/2), S. infantarius (SB biot...

Elaeagnus multiflora Thunb., also known as “cherry silverberry”, elaeagnus”, and “goumi” has been used for a long time in traditional Chinese medicine phytosterol-rich plant. Today, the fruits of this species are becoming more popular “superfood” Europe, but cultivation these plants is not yet carried out on large commercial scale. The aim study was to evaluate yield morphological quality fruit...

101 isolates of brucella spp. including the reference (n=7) and the iranian field strains belonging to last years 1961-2003 (n=94) were biotyped and classified into 9 biotypes. random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis using a ten mer-ap4 primer was generated 72 reproduciable dna band. the typeability was 100%. the thirteen isolates were classified into five groups, each containing 2-4 b...

Genetic relationships among two strains of Treponema pallidum (Nichols and KKJ) and a strain of T. pertenue were determined by measuring the degree of deoxyribonucleic acid sequence homology. The results in indicated that these three virulent, noncultivable treponemes were genetically indistinguishable. Like T. pallidum (Nichols), T. pertenue (Gauthier) had no detectable deoxyribonucleic acid s...

Mosquitoes collected in Germany in 2016, including Culex pipiens pipiens biotype pipiens, Culex torrentium and Aedes albopictus, as well as Culex pipiens pipiens biotype molestus (in colony since 2011) were experimentally infected with Zika virus (ZIKV) at 18 °C or 27 °C. None of the Culex taxa showed vector competence for ZIKV. In contrast, Aedes albopictus were susceptible for ZIKV but only a...

101 isolates of Brucella spp. including the reference (n=7) and the Iranian field strains belonging to last years 1961-2003 (n=94) were biotyped and classified into 9 biotypes. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis using a ten mer-AP4 primer was generated 72 reproduciable DNA band. The typeability was 100%. The thirteen isolates were classified into five groups, each containing 2-4 b...

Considering the recent emergence of "hybrid biotype" and "El Tor variant", we propose to redefine the biotyping scheme for Vibrio cholerae O1 serogroup. The existing biotyping scheme has limitations and causes confusion as many of the hybrid biotype and El Tor variant strains have phenotypic and genetic changes. A revised biotyping scheme will play a significant role to understand the ecology, ...