Current recommended reference ranges for echocardiographic measurements may not be relevant to the diverse world population they are applied to. A new study, the echocardiographic normal reference ranges of the left heart (EchoNoRMAL) study, is an individual person data meta-analysis of standard echocardiographic measurements which aims to re-define normal reference ranges of left heart dimensi...

Schizophrenia is a common disease managed by a range of interventions, with the primary treatment being antipsychotic medications (APS). Inadequate response, lack of adherence, and/or adverse events often prevent optimal therapeutic effects or therapeutic efficiency. Monitoring APS plasma concentrations can be used together with a full clinical evaluation to help improve patient care or offer b...

Echocardiography is themostwidelyusednon-invasivecardiac imaging for assessing the cardiac structure and function. Echocardiography has the advantage of low cost, no radiation risk, and great availability. However, as for any diagnostic test, its interpretation depends on its ability to accurately detect abnormalities. Actually, the definition of ‘abnormal’ relies on the definition of ‘normal’ ...

Background A functional coagulation assay was used to investigate the extrinsic pathway of coagulation on citrated whole blood samples from healthy adult male Sprague Dawley rats using the mini cup and pin system. Methods Reference values for coagulation parameters from forty-three animals were calculated using data obtained from the ROTEM® delta hemostasis analyzer with the EXTEM test. Res...

This study was designed to establish reference ranges for serum uric acid among healthy adult Assamese population. Samples from 1470 aged 35-86 years were used to establish age and sex related reference range by the centile method (central 95 percentile) for serum uric acid level. There were 51% (n = 754) males and 49% (n = 716) females; 75.9% (n = 1115) of them were from urban area and the res...

A survey was carried out on 150 healthy adults to establish hematological reference ranges for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative adults from the Central African Republic (CAR). Immunohematological mean values, medians, and 95th-percentile reference ranges were established. Mean values were as follows: leukocyte (WBC) counts, 5.28 x 10(9)/liter (males) and 5.11 x 10(9)/liter (females);...

Fructosamine measurement, on the other hand, exploits the ability of serum proteins to undergo glycation (glycosylation) in conditions of increased ambient glycemia. Glycated proteins are an accepted measure of intermediate glycemia2,3 as demonstrated by the well established clinical usage of hemoglobin A determinations. Serum proteins are glycated as well, and determinationlc of their values r...