As the most prominent novelist in contemporary Persian prose, Jalal Ale-Ahmad has had great influence on Persian writers, insofar as many writers have followed his suit. Employment of colloquial language is the characteristic style of his fiction. What makes his different, however, is mainly the employment of colloquialism in a subtle, precise and accurate way. Due to the extensive use of collo...

Previous critical readings of Toni Morrison’s novels, especially Paradise, largely emphasise the universal themes explored in her novels, namely, feminism, culture, psychology, and of course, her remarkable presentation of African-Americans in racial and cultural conflicts. Yet, there are major areas that remain unexplored in her works. One of the most conspicuous absences is Morrison’s dominan...

An event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study of prefrontal cortex was conducted during which subjects performed a visual "oddball" target detection task. Exemplars of three stimulus categories were presented at a rate of one per 1.5 sec for 10 runs, each consisting of 132 trials. Standards were color squares of varying sizes that were presented on approximately 92% of trials. Ta...

Over the past century, the term picaresque has been fully incorporated into the metalanguage of Western national literatures: picaresque novel in English, novela picaresca in Spanish, roman picaresque in French, Schelmenroman or pikarescher Roman in German, Плутовско́й рома́н in Russian, romanzo picaresco in Italian, pikaresk-roman in Danish and Norwegian, and pikareskroman in Swedish. Novels fro...

ONE UNIVERSALLY acknowledged truth about the Victorians is that they loved their things.1 Deborah Cohen has recently argued that in nineteenthcentury England moral uplift came for the first time to be associated with the accumulation and harmonious arrangement of possessions; homedecoration turned into a saintly affair.2 The objects that pack Victorian parlors—aquaria, terraria, globes, books, ...

This essay explores aspirations and expectations of women’s rights, the sympathy for and reasons for women’s destinies by analyzing the forms of expression and tracing the ideas of feminist awareness in Fang Fang's novels in terms of feminist wishes in survival predicaments, struggles in literature fields, and feminists’ pursuits in daily life, with highlighting the standout points of a number ...

Using a critical discourse analytic model of translation criticism, the present study attempts to explore the effect of ideology and idiosyncrasy on the lexical choices in translation studies. The study employed a descriptive approach to answer two research questions: Is there any relationship between ideology and idiosyncratic features of translators' lexical choices? And if yes, can it be ana...

several novels have appeared after the september 11 attacks whichdeal directly or indirectly with the effect of the event on individuals, both insideand outside of the united states. though, the novels often claim to deal withthe post- traumatic aftermath of the incident, the writers regularly use orientaliststereotyping and it seems that after 9/11 this attitude toward muslims has hardenedand ...

this article traces the way women are represented in three novels written by women during the reform government 1375-1384/1996-2005. the most important characteristic of these novels is the internal dialogue of the narrator. this phenomenon helps to penetrate the layers of the female mind and to reach the inner world of women. this is a new phenomenon in the iranian novel and our aim is to know...