OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relations between environmental benzene concentrations and various biomarkers of exposure to benzene. METHODS Analyses were carried out on environmental air, unmetabolised benzene in urine, trans, trans-muconic acid (ttMA), and three major phenolic metabolites of benzene; catechol, hydroquinone, and phenol, in two field studies on 64 workers exposed to benzene concen...

Anaerobic activation of benzene is expected to represent a novel biochemistry of environmental significance. Therefore, benzene metabolism was investigated in Geobacter metallireducens, the only genetically tractable organism known to anaerobically degrade benzene. Trace amounts (<0.5 μM) of phenol accumulated in cultures of Geobacter metallireducens anaerobically oxidizing benzene to carbon di...

OBJECTIVE To carry out a comprehensive field investigation to evaluate various conventional and recently developed biomarkers for exposure to low concentrations of benzene. METHODS Analyses were carried out on environmental air, unmetabolised benzene in blood and urine, urinary trans, transmuconic acid, and three major phenolic metabolites of benzene: phenol, catechol, and hydroquinone. Valid...

nanoporous graphene which is used as nanosorbent was synthesized by chemical vapor deposition method via porous zinc oxide nanocatalyst. the reaction was carried out using methane as the carbon source and hydrogen as the carrier gas in a ratio of 4:1 at the temperature ranging 900-1050°c for 2-50 min. the product was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscop...

Ethyl benzene used increasingly each year is the raw material of producing styrene monomer. This substanceis produced from benzene alkylation with ethylene or ethanol, depending on the availability and cost of rawmaterials. In this study benzene alkylation in the presence of ethanol in a catalytic fixed bed reactor inthree states of isotherm, adiabatic and non-isotherm-non-adiabatic is mathemat...

OBJECTIVES Benzene has been consistently associated with hematological disorders, including acute myeloid leukemia and aplastic anemia, but the mechanisms causing these disorders are still unclear. Various metabolites of benzene lead to toxicity through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the inhibition of topoisomerase and DNA damage. However, benzene itself is considered to have ...

weather and climate have considerable influence on the concentration of air pollutants such as particles and gases. the range and concentration of these particles and gases are very dependent on prevailing weather conditions and air currents. this research concentrates on health effects of benzene, one of the air pollutants of tehran, as a major city. the concentration of benzene emission to ai...

background: for its toxicity, benzene exposure is one of the main health concerns for high risk occupations like gasoline station workers. however, there is little knowledge about the effect of benzene metabolites on hematological parameters. objective: to evaluate the correlation between the urinary level of trans, trans-muconic acid (t, t-ma), a benzene metabolite, and some hematological para...

A large population of humans is exposed to benzene from various occupational and environmental sources. Benzene is an established human and animal carcinogen. Exposure to benzene has been associated with leukaemia in humans and several types of malignancies in animals. The exact mechanism of benzene-induced toxicity is poorly understood. It is believed that benzene exerts its adverse effects by...