The killing of bacterial cells by chemical agents may be considered as the resultant of a reaction between two systems, the cells and their suspending medium and the germicide and its solvent. The method for testing sanitizing agents proposed by Weber and Black (1948) allows evaluation, on the basis of the two systems, of factors such as ions present in the suspending or diluting medium, organi...

Because of the relatively frequent occurrence of recurrent caries after a restorative treatment, and because of the huge number of cariogenic microorganisms present in the oral cavity, which present a potential risk factor regarding the development of new carious lesions, attention has increasingly been directed towards the therapeutic antimicrobial effects of restorative materials. The glass i...

The proposed work describes the nanodrop spectrophotometric determination of cationic surfactants using citrate-modified silver nanoparticles based on the aggregation of silver nanoparticles induced by cationic surfactants due to the hydrophobic effect. The visible color change in the solution of silver nanoparticle includes a red shift with the quenching of the absorption spectra. The maximum ...

Purpose: This study compared the clinical parameters and histological findings according to benzalkonium chloride concentration (BAC; 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%) for inducing experimental dry eye (EDE) in a rabbit model.Methods: Rabbits were divided into four groups BAC concentration: untreated group, 0.2% BAC. was instilled topically both eyes of rabbits twice daily until they euthanized after 14 days....

Preservatives in ophthalmic solutions have long been known to cause toxic effects on the cornea. The most frequently used preservative in eye drops, and one that has among the highest toxicity, is benzalkonium chloride (BAC)[1-3]. This quarternary ammonium has been shown to have a variety of pathological effects, including tear film instability, conjunctival squamous metaplasia, breakdown of co...