aim and background: the role of behavioral inhibition and activation systems as predisposing factors in readiness for emotional and behavioral problems in adolescents has been increasingly studied in recent years. the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of these two systems in predicting the development of psychopathology in adolescents. methods and materials: the study population...

it is not known whether the instincts of wild horses have remained strong during their centuries of domestication. knowledge of this matter would give riders the opportunity to know more about the behavior of horses and consequently about safety for both horses and riders. in this current research, we studied the behavior of fifteen caspian miniature horses of different ages and sexes using sti...

entrepreneurship has long history in human life and related studies have been conducted primarily in scientific circles by industrialized countries. however, this topic has been discussed recently in our country. the main objective of this study was to assess the behavioral and personality characteristics of entrepreneurship in order to identify entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs of dairy catt...

Efficacious interventions to promote long-term maintenance of physical activity are not well understood. Engineers have developed methods to create dynamical system models for modeling idiographic (i.e., within-person) relationships within systems. In behavioral research, dynamical systems modeling may assist in decomposing intervention effects and identifying key behavioral patterns that may f...

Rodent hippocampal activity is correlated with spatial and behavioral context, but how context affects coding in association neocortex is not well understood. The cellular distribution of the neural activity-regulated immediate-early gene Arc was used to monitor the activity history of cells in CA1, and in deep and superficial layers of posterior parietal and gustatory cortices (which encode mo...

Behavioral responses to a sensory stimulus are often guided by associative memories. These associations remain intact even when other factors determine behavior. The substrates of associative memory should therefore be identifiable by neuronal responses that are independent of behavioral choices. We tested this hypothesis using a paired-associates task in which monkeys learned arbitrary associa...

STUDY DESIGN An economic evaluation was conducted alongside a randomized controlled trial. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Little is known about the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral treatment options for patients following lumbar disc surgery. If the knowledge available was supported by an economic evaluation, the information could then be used to make recommendations for the implementation o...

Cognitive and behavioral interventions have been cautiously recommended as “best practice” in the treatment of pathological gambling. Behavioral interventions, using a range of techniques, have been the most commonly evaluated approach to the psychological treatment of pathological gambling. The recent literature evaluating behavioral treatments has shifted from aversive therapy to alternative ...