Computer system batch schedulers typically require information from the user upon job submission, including a runtime estimate. Inaccuracy of these runtime estimates, relative to the actual runtime of the job, has been well documented and is a perennial problem mentioned in the job scheduling literature. Typically users provide these estimates under circumstances where their job will be killed ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Geographic variation in liver transplantation has been the subject of extensive scrutiny, reflecting concerns that location is unfairly determinative for people needing organ transplantation. Drawing upon a number of established ethical approaches, we examine whether geographic differences in access to livers are inherently unethical. RECENT FINDINGS We posit that the ethica...

Sensor networks are increasingly used for tracking, monitoring and observing spatial dynamic phenomena in the real world (e.g. urban area). In order to ensure an efficient deployment of a sensor network, several optimization algorithms have been proposed in recent years. Most of these algorithms often rely on oversimplified sensor models. In addition, they do not consider information on the ter...

Verification and validation of numerical models of natural systems is impossible. This is because natural systems are never closed and because model results are always nonunique. Models can be confirmed by the demonstration of agreement between observation and prediction, but confirmation is inherently partial. Complete confirmation is logically precluded by the fallacy of affirming the consequ...

The reflections recorded on satellite images have been affected by various environmental factors. In these images, some of these factors are combined with other environmental factors that cannot be distinguished. Therefore, it seems wise to model these environmental phenomena in the form of hybrid indicators. In this regard, satellite imagery and machine learning methods can play a unique role ...

In “Are There ‘Inherently Sovereign Functions’ in International Law?”, Frédéric Mégret provides a deeply insightful reflection on “the essence of the state” from point view international law, outlining theory about inherently sovereign functions law. He carefully identifies existing norms law that articulate certain public to be performed solely by state rather than delegating them private acto...

The accurate and reliable numerical approximation of the hyperbolic wave equation is of fundamental importance to the simulation of acoustic, electromagnetic and elastic wave propagation phenomena. Here, we present families of variational space–time discretisation methods of higher order for the acoustic wave equation as a protoype model for the three-dimensional elastic wave equation. In tempo...