Understanding how individuals revise their political beliefs has important implications for society. In a preregistered study (N = 900), we experimentally separated the predictions of 2 leading theories of human belief revision-desirability bias and confirmation bias-in the context of the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Participants indicated who they desired to win, and who they believed woul...

distribution and allocation of resources is affected by factors such as values, norms, social stratifications, ideology, information, coercion, political challenges, and even external factors. this finding means that there is always a fundamental tendency to redirect resources toward political goals instead of public interests and development. because the resource structure is strongly influenc...

In this paper we present a political-agency model in which voters exhibit a cognitive deficiency known as hindsight bias: after the uncertainty about an event is resolved, they consider the realized outcome more foreseeable than it actually was. For their reelection decision, voters evaluate the politician’s ability based on the history of observed actions and outcomes. High ability is defined ...

Abstract We investigate the political bias of a large language model (LLM), ChatGPT, which has become popular for retrieving factual information and generating content. Although ChatGPT assures that it is impartial, literature suggests LLMs exhibit involving race, gender, religion, orientation. Political in can have adverse electoral consequences similar to from traditional social media. Moreov...

Recent developments in various branches of political science underscore the importance of empirical investigation of impartial views. This paper proposes and tests an empirical model of impartiality, inspired by Adam Smith (1759), that is based on the moral judgments of informed third parties (or spectators). The model predicts that spectatorship produces properties widely considered desirable ...