This paper provides a foundation for evaluating recent changes in regulatory design in light of the increasingly competitive and dynamic environment of banking. Intrusive, control-oriented direct and indirect approaches to regulation have become very costly. Regulation that focuses on setting minimum requirements will become dominant. Supervision would then primarily aim at verifying compliance...

The session focused upon several issues raised by Mr Anand Sinha in the context of both advanced and emerging market economies (EMEs). Keeping in view, broader interlinkages between the financial sector and the real sector, the need for better coordination between financial regulation and macroeconomic policies for sustaining growth was emphasized. Given the nature and origin of the recent cris...

This study is about the revolution of information and communication technology (ICT). It deals with the evolution of banking technology (BT), electronic banking (e-banking) and mobile banking (m-banking) in Sudan. It intends to explore the practice of m-banking in Sudan. The focus is on the availability of adequate infrastructure and on the challenges and risks that face m-banking services in S...

Information technology (IT) is enabling financial services companies and particularly banking firms to create new forms of organizations. Both globalization of markets and more rigorous regulation throughout the European Union such as recently the implementation of the European Capital Adequacy Directive put pressure on the banking firm to either spend ever more money in coordinating business a...

We review how technological advances and changes in regulation may shape the (future) geographical scope of banking. We first review how both physical distance and the presence of borders currently affect bank lending conditions (loan pricing and credit availability) and market presence (branching and servicing). Next we discuss how technology and regulation have altered this impact and analyse...

One type of credit facility that is currently widely used in banking institutions business circles bank guarantees. In practice, a guarantee as certificate given by to the project owner on behalf contractor, value must be same guaranteed value. This study will analyze and find out about claims collateral for beneficiary construction projects. research normative juridical descriptive-analytical ...