background:influenza virus is globally pathogenic and it is usually associated with zoonotic respiratory diseases. this virus has caused a number of pandemics with a high mortality rate. the non-structural (ns1) protein of influenza a viruses is a non-essential virulence factor that has multiple accessory functions during viral infection. this protein is highly conservative. it has been shown t...

The effects of dietary supplementation of garlic (Allium sativum) extract on the growth and disease resistance of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus was evaluated. Also in-vitro evaluation of susceptibility of fish-borne multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria to aqueous extract of garlic was done. Aqueous garlic extract exhibited inhibitory activity against MDR bacteria and the degree o...

Fusion of two genes at DNA level produces a single protein, known as a chimeric protein. Immunotoxins are chimeric proteins composed of specific cell targeting and cell killing moieties. Bacterial or plant toxins are commonly used as the killing moieties of the chimeric immunotoxins. In this investigation, the catalytic domain of Shiga-like toxin (A1) was fused to human granulocyte macrophage ...

BACKGROUND In recent years bacterial inclusion bodies (IBs) were recognised as highly pure deposits of active proteins inside bacterial cells. Such active nanoparticles are very interesting for further downstream protein isolation, as well as for many other applications in nanomedicine, cosmetic, chemical and pharmaceutical industry.To prepare large quantities of a high quality product, the who...

PII protein in bacteria is a sensor for 2-oxoglutarate and a transmitter for glutamine signaling. We identified an OsGlnB gene that encoded a bacterial PII-like protein in rice. Yeast two-hybrid analysis showed that an OsGlnB gene product interacted with N-acetylglutamate kinase 1 (OsNAGK1) and PII-like protein (OsGlnB) itself in rice. In cyanobacteria, NAGK is a key enzyme in arginine biosynth...

background: the hbv-x (hbx) protein is believed to contribute to the development of hcc. however, the molecular mechanisms involved in hbx-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis remain obscure. in this study, the effect of hepatitis b virus x gene and its protein product hbxag on expression of p53 gene in hep g2 cell line was investigated. methods: viral dna extracted from hbv-positive serum and hbx gen...

Zwitterionic surfaces are increasingly explored as antifouling coatings due to their propensity resist protein, bacterial, and cell adhesion typically applied polymeric systems. Here, the self-assembly of strongly interacting small molecule amphiphiles is reported produce nanoribbons for applications. Synthesized spontaneously form micrometers-long with nanometer-scale cross-sections intrinsica...