Reproductive status is tightly coupled to metabolic state in females, and ovarian cycling in mammals is halted when energy output exceeds energy input, a metabolic condition known as negative energy balance. This inhibition of reproductive function during negative energy balance occurs due to suppression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release in the hypothalamus. The GnRH secretagogue...

One critical determinant of fertility is the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy after insemination or embryo transfer. Pregnancy success is low in lactating dairy cows. Reduced fertility of the dairy female is only expressed in the lactational state but the magnitude of depression of fertility is not related to milk yield. Pregnancy failure occurs throughout gestation with the greatest ...

Buffaloes are one of the major contributors milk production in Pakistan. Like other dairy animals, it also faces a variety metabolic disorders right after parturition. Among these problems ketosis is high producing buffaloes when energy demands (e.g. production) exceed intake and result negative balance. When large amount body fat utilized as an source to support production, sometimes mobilized...

The base of this review is to consider the relevant role that animal factors (potential milk yield, body weight, body condition score, state of lactation, parity and fertility) play on milk performance (considering the energy balance and the rumen function across the full lactation curve of animals) and milk quality (milk protein content, milk fat content, milk lactose content, vitamins, minera...

this study was done to gain insights into transcriptional regulation of negative energy balance (neb) assoctiated genes. overexpressed genes in neb were identified using microarray and rna-seq data and promoter analysis of these overexpressed genes was applied to identify novel transcription factors. moreever, string database was used to construct a regulatory network of identified transcriptio...