Constraint Handling Rules (CHR) is a high-level language commonly used to write constraint solvers. Most CHR programs depend on the refined operational semantics, resulting in an obfuscated logical reading and potential misbehavior under the theoretical operational semantics. We introduce two source to source transformations: guard simplification and occurrence subsumption. By removing redundan...

CHR is a highly concurrent language, and yet it is by no means a trivial task to write correct concurrent CHR programs. We propose a new semantics for CHR, which allows specifying and reasoning about transactions. Transactions alleviate the complexity of writing concurrent programs by offering entire derivations to run atomically and in isolation. We derive several program transformations based...

Excessive amounts of metal are toxic and severely affect plant growth and development. Understanding the genetic control of metal tolerance is crucial to improve rice resistance to Fe, Zn, and Al toxicity. The multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) populations were genotyped using a 55 K rice SNP array and screened at the seedling stage for Fe, Zn, and Al toxicity using a hydropon...

While an established clinical outcome of high importance, social functioning has been emerging as possibly having a broader significance to the evolution psychosis and long term disability. In current study we explored association between decline, conversion psychosis, functional in individuals at risk (CHR) for psychosis. 585 subjects collected North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS...

Psychosocial intervention trials for youth at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis have shown promising effects on treating psychotic symptoms but have not focused on psychosocial functional outcomes, and those studies have been conducted among help-seeking patients; there is a lack of research on non-clinical young CHR individuals. Systemic therapy (ST) is grounded in systemic-constructivist...

Constraint Handling Rules (CHR) is a general purpose, committedchoice declarative language which, differently from other similar languages, uses multi-headed (guarded) rules. In this paper we prove that multiple heads augment the expressive power of the language. In fact, we first show that restricting to single head rules affects the Turing completeness of CHR, provided that the underlying sig...

This book contains the Proceedings of CHR 2005, the Second Workshop on Constraint Handling Rules, held at the occasion of ICLP 2005 in Sitges (Spain) on October 5, 2005. The Constraint Handling Rules (CHR) language has become a major declarative specification and implementation language for constraint reasoning algorithms and applications. Algorithms are often specified using inference rules, r...

Determination of the reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) provides an early measure of functional iron deficiency because reticulocytes are the earliest erythrocytes released into blood and circulate for only 1 to 2 days. The CHr in 78 patients undergoing bone marrow examination was measured to assess its clinical utility for the diagnosis of iron deficiency. Twenty-eight patients were iron de...

In Alcaligenes eutrophus CH34, determinants encoding inducible resistance to chromate (chr) and to cobalt and nickel (cnr) are located adjacent to each other on plasmid pMOL28. To develop metal-sensing bacterial strains, a cloned part of plasmid pMOL28, which contains both determinants, was mutated with Tn5-lacZ. The chr::lacZ fusions were specifically induced by chromium; cnr was induced best ...

Classical Constraint Handling Rules (CHR) provide a powerful tool for specifying and implementing constraint solvers and programs. The rules of CHR rewrite constraints (non-deterministically) into simpler ones until they are solved. In this paper we introduce an extension of Constraint Handling Rules (CHR), namely Probabilistic CHRs (PCHR). These allow the probabilistic “weighting” of rules, sp...