BACKGROUND Institutional teaching awards have been used widely in higher education since the 1970s. Nevertheless, a comprehensive review of the literature on such awards has not been published since 1997. AIM We conducted a literature review to learn as much as possible about the design (e.g., formats, selection processes) and utility (e.g., impact on individuals and institutions) of teaching...

one of the most controversial issues in international commercial arbitrations in the last two decades is enforcement of arbitral awards which have been annulled in their country/ies of issuance or in broader word in their country/ies of origin. two contradictory opinions on the matter are based on two different approaches on territorial or extraterritorial effect of nullification of arbitral aw...

The announcement of the 1978 Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research has created two controversies. No one argues with the choice of the three winners-Solomon H. Snyder (Johns Hopkins University), John Hughes (Imperial College of Science and Technology. London), and Hans Kosterlitz (University of Aberdeen) —who were honored for the discovery of opiate receptors and enkephalins, opiate-like subs...

Awards in the form of orders, medals, decorations, prizes, and titles are ubiquitous in monarchies and republics, private organizations, and not-for-profit and profit-oriented firms. Nevertheless, this kind of nonmaterial extrinsic incentive has been given little attention in the social sciences, including psychology. The demand for awards relies on an individual’s desire for distinction, and t...

We use highway procurement auction data to analyze the California Small Business program that awards a contract to a qualified small bidder provided its bid is within five percent of the overall low bid. We study the effect of this rule on bidders’ incentives to participate in procurement auctions and compute its implied efficiency and distributional costs. Small bidder can use the discount to ...

I am very pleased to be able to introduce the three research papers which have placed first, second and third in the 2011 International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA) Junior Research Awards in Psychogeriatrics. These papers represent the work of three promising young researchers in psychogeriatrics, and both IPA and International Psychogeriatrics are pleased to support such researchers by br...

Boxing is one of the most popular and ancient striking combat sports where two athletes, generally wearing protective gloves, throw punches at each other in a boxing ring for specified amount time. has golden history that dates back thousands years, not just hundreds. The famous evidence fighting sporting competitions goes to civilizations: civilizations Mesopotamia, Egypt Civilization, Minoan ...

Economists traditionally focus on monetary compensation when examining incentives, but awards are of immense practical relevance as can be inferred from their prevalence in the form of state orders, decorations and prizes, according to Bruno Frey and Susanne Neckermann. Abundant but Neglected: Awards as Incentives Bruno S. Frey and Susanne Neckermann University of Zurich, Switzerland and CREMA ...

There are many awards for research. Figure 1 shows the Fields Medal, one of the highest honors a mathematician can receive, which comes with a C$15,000 prize. In 2006, it was awarded to Grigori Perelman from Steklov Institute of Mathematics in St. Petersburg (Russia). He declined, stating that he was not interested in money or fame. In 2010, Perelman also declined the Clay Millennium Prize of $...