In this article, we present a measurable version of the spectral decomposition theorem for Z2-action on compact metric space. process, obtain some relationships with shadowing property and k-type weak extending property. Then, introduce definition measure expanding by using properties Borel measure. We also prove one that occurs whenever is invariantly expanding. All supporting results are nece...

The throughput performance of a random cooperative medium access control (CoopMAC) network in the presence of shadowing is considered. The nodes are assumed to be randomly distributed according to a homogeneous twodimensional Poisson point process with constant intensity. The conditions under which a helper can improve the transmission rate between a given pair of nodes are examined. Based on t...

Abstract— The direct sequence-code division multiple accesses (DS-CDMA) signals are transmitted over multipath channels that introduce fading and shadowing. Combined effect of multipath fading and shadowing along with multiple access interference (MAI) and inter-symbol interference (ISI) worsens the system performance. Further, experimental results have confirmed the presence of impulsive nonGa...

The article deals with the essence of national economy de-shadowing concept, as well foreign experience in combating shadow sector. In particular, methods counteracting shadowing such countries USA, Great Britain, France, Poland, Germany, Austria, etc. are summarized. Among most common and effective tools studied countries, following identified: property liability for committing an economic cri...

In this paper, we introduce a Lorentzian Anosov family (LAfamily) up to sequence of distributions null vectors. We prove for each p Mi, where Mi is manifold i Z the tangent space at has unique splitting and varies continuously on via distance function created by torsion-free semi-Riemannian connection. present three examples LA-families. Also, define shadowing property type I II some results re...

Simulations show that signal attenuation factors like fading and shadowing improve the efficiency and speed of route discovery processes in ad hoc wireless networks that rely on the use of slotted ALOHA channel. On the other hand, the capture probability has been shown to be independent of the shadowing. While the detailed modeling of the route discovery packet dissemination in a network is rat...

Macrodiversity system with macrodiversity selection combining (SC) receiver and two microdiversity SC receivers is considered. Received signal is affected simultaneously to Gamma long term fading and Rician short term fading resulting in system performance degradation. Macrodiversity SC receiver reduces Gamma shadowing effects and microdiversity SC receivers reduce multipath fading effects on b...

We introduce the notion of conditional Lipschitz shadowing, which does not aim to shadow every pseudo-orbit, but only those belong a certain prescribed set. establish two types sufficient conditions under non\-auto\-nomous ordinary differential equations have such property. The first criterion applies semilinear equation provided that its linear part is hyperbolic and nonlinearity small in neig...

In this article we approach some of the basic questions in topological dynamics, concerning periodic points, transitivity, shadowing and gluing orbit properties, context C 0 incompressible flows generated by Lipschitz vector fields. We prove that a -generic fixed-point free flow satisfies property, it is transitive has dense set points non-wandering set. particular, reparametrized property. als...