Aim: To assess whether intraocular pressure (IOP) is associated with refractive error or axial length in children. Methods: Of subjects from the Singapore Cohort Study of the Risk Factors for Myopia (SCORM), 636 Chinese children aged 9–11 years from two elementary schools underwent non-contact tonometry, cycloplegic autorefraction, and Ascan biometry during 2001. For analyses, refractive error ...

PURPOSE To assess the effects of body stature and years of education, in addition to age and sex, on six oculometric traits and to estimate the heritabilities of these quantitative traits in two Croatian cross-population studies. METHODS Adult subjects living on the two Croatian islands of Vis and Korcula were recruited for a large epidemiologic and genetic study that included eye biometry, k...

PURPOSE To measure magnitude, type, and central tendency of astigmatism found in a county-wide population of Canadian preschool children (mean age, 48.1 months). METHODS Noncycloplegic autorefractive measures were taken in 1179 children attending a preschool health fair operated by their county board of health. Spherocylinder measures were transformed into three independent components. RESU...

AIM To compare the prevalences of refractive errors in Malay, Chinese and Indian children in Malaysia and Singapore. METHODS Children aged 7-9 years from three schools in the Singapore Cohort study of the Risk factors for Myopia (n = 1962) and similarly aged children from a random cluster sample in the metropolitan Kuala Lumpur area in the Malaysia Refractive Error Study in Children (n = 1752...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of modest low birth weight and prematurity on visual function of children predominantly aged 6 years. METHODS Children with a birth weight of 1500 to 2499 g were considered exposed to a modest low birth weight (n = 82) and were compared with children with a birth weight of 2500 g or more (n = 1386). Exposure to modest prematurity, 32 to 36 weeks' gestation (...

BACKGROUND Studies show great variability in the prevalence of hyperopia among children. This study aimed to synthesize the existing knowledge about hyperopia prevalence and its associated factors in school children and to explore the reasons for this variability. METHODS This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. Searching several international databases, the review included populati...

BACKGROUND No longitudinal data from population-based studies of eye disease in sub-Saharan-Africa are available. A population-based survey was undertaken in 2007/08 to estimate the prevalence and determinants of blindness and low vision in Nakuru district, Kenya. This survey formed the baseline to a six-year prospective cohort study to estimate the incidence and progression of eye disease in t...

We examined the spherical equivalent refractions of 237 subjects who had been seen four or more times in a longitudinal study of refractive development in normal children. We employed both photorefraction and autorefraction using a Canon R1 autorefractor. We performed an analysis of variance (F-test for Lack of Fit) to determine the significance of a linear regression in fitting these refractio...

BACKGROUND Refractive error is an important cause of preventable visual impairment and blindness worldwide. Population-based studies will continue to be a key part in identification ofthe magnitude and the importance of this common eye disease. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of the refractive error in primary school-aged children in Bangkok and Nakhonpathom together with the provision of ...

Purpose. To evaluate influencing factors on the residual astigmatism after performing peripheral corneal relaxing incisions (PCRIs) during cataract surgery. Methods. This prospective study included patients who were scheduled for cataract surgery with PCRIs. Optical biometry (IOLMaster 500, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Germany) was taken preoperatively, 1 week, 4 months, and 1 year postoperatively. A...