The whole-body vibration (WBV) experienced by automobile drivers and the effects of WBV have been widely investigated. There exists a need to review the research literature investigating the evidence of WBV in automobile drivers and the effects of WBV. The aim of this review is to determine whether WBV exists in automobile drivers and then to find out the effects of WBV. Low Back Pain (LBP) is ...

For unicast transmissions, the IEEE 802.11 WLAN MAC (Medium Access Control) layer has control packets such as RTS, CTS, and ACK. However, it has no such control packets for multicast transmissions. Therefore, it does not provide reliable multicast transmissions. Most of previous reliable multicast schemes are based on the ARQ (Automatic Repeat reQuest) used for unicast communications. Therefore...

Recently, bicycles are used as exercising machines and traffic vehicles. Planetary gear trains can be used as the transmission systems for bicycles. The purpose of this work is to propose a design methodology for the kinematic design of automatic gear transmissions with planetary gear trains for bicycles. First, applying the check list method (combining and extending methods), the design concep...

Automobile industry in Taiwan has the characteristics of capital and technology intensive, strong operation management capability, close relationship supply chain and has played a critical role in the international market. Since there are hundreds of the first-tier suppliers and thousands of the second-tier suppliers, this leads automobile industry to be one of the most important industries in ...

Adaptive hypermedia systems (AHS) have typically been geared towards one specific application or application area, in most cases related to education. The AHA (Adaptive Hypermedia Architecture) system is a Web-based adaptive hypermedia system specifically intended to serve many different purposes. As such AHA must be able to perform adaptation that is based on the user’s browsing actions, regar...

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE To review of studies that focus on the assessment of driving competence among the elderly who are at increased risk of being involved in automobile crashes. The current status of neuropsychological testing as a predictor of driving safety in this population is critically evaluated. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Several domains of neuropsychological assessment have been shown to ...

Patterned bruises are frequently noted on trauma victims. Although these bruises do not require any specific treatment, they provide objective evidence of impact. They also provide valuable clues to determining the impacting object, the mechanism of injury and have medico-legal importance. We present a case to illustrate and discuss the clinical utility of patterned bruises.