In the late nineteenth century Chinese residents of Dihua (Urumqi), the desert capital of China’s Xinjiang Province, referred to the large, fortified gateway which separated the walled Chinese settlement from the walled Muslim settlement as the “gate which divides heaven from earth.” In so distancing themselves from their near neighbors, with whom they were inextricably linked through the econo...

This study examines the traditional mosques in Quzzat quarter of Herat Old City, Afghanistan, after WWII. The discovered urban developments, typology mosques, as well destructions, changes, and transformations mosques. It involved compiling data, conducting a field survey, examining historical maps, reviewing published works to explain constructions, finding out how took place. Twenty-nine are ...

Water samples from clay storage jugs ("zeers") located in homes and at public watering stands ("sebeels") at streets, mosques, and schools were examined. Coliforms, fecal coliforms, and fecal streptococci were detected in 100, 69, 88, and 91.56% of the samples, respectively. The general microbiology of the water and some factors affecting microbial load were studied. The predominant bacterial g...

Mosques are Islamic places of worship where speech and music rituals performed. Since two different languages spoken there, mosques described as bilingual spaces. Among studies on the complex acoustic structure there only few intelligibility none characteristics mosque. Therefore, a comprehensive study has been carried out to evaluate comfort contemporary Turkish (CTM) over Arabic languages. In...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the concept light and its interpretation in different styles Iranian-Islamic architecture. By distinguishing between content physical evaluation historical periods, one can find a way properly use patterns contemporary mosques. present has been conducted using descriptive-analytical method consists three stages. First, role mosque investigated, then q...

This study was to investigate the influence of mosques in developing moderate communities West Kalimantan. Mosques are Da'wah institutions that aligned with community's values. Aside from serving as a place prayer, mosque is also source empowerment for women. Threrefore, focus this article on role development Islam and adoption models religious moderation mosques. used sociological approach. re...