We compared the cycloplegic effects of cyclopentolate, homatropine and atropine by the retinoscopy findings and residual accommodation left following their use in the same individual. The mean residual accommodation measured after the use of cyclopentolate, homatropine and atropine was 1.48 +/- 0.33 D, 2.32 +/- 0.37 D and 1.10 D +/- 0.28 D, respectively, and the mean difference in retinoscopy r...

PURPOSE To examine whether the bronchodilatory effect of atropine differs in the evening from the morning. METHODS Thirteen adult healthy volunteers with no oral medication intake were studied. At 1600, peak expiratory flow (PEF) was measured three times, and the highest value recorded. Subsequently, the volunteer received 0.01 mg(-1) x kg(-1) atropine im, and the PEF was measured every 30 mi...

We have compared bronchodilator responses to atropine and terbutaline in 39 chronic bronchitics and 16 stable asthmatics. Fasting subjects were given either 1.05 mg atropine of 5.0 mg terbutaline orally. Pulmonary function was assessed using the peak responses, namely: three 60-minute intervals for terbutaline and three 30-minute intervals for atropine. A subgroup of five reactive bronchitis pa...

Myopia is the most common childhood refractive disorder. Atropine inhibits myopia progression, but its mechanism is unknown. Here, we show that myopia-prevention by atropine requires production of nitric oxide (NO). Form-deprivation myopia (FDM) was induced in week-old chicks by diffusers over the right eye (OD); the left eye (OS) remained ungoggled. On post-goggling days 1, 3, and 5, OD receiv...

black henbane (bh) or hyoscyamus niger, has been used as a medicine since last centuries and has been described in all traditional medicines. it applies as a herbal medicine, but may induce intoxication accidentally or intentionally. all part of bh including leaves, seeds and roots contain some alkaloids such as hyoscyamine, atropine, tropane and scopolamine. bh has pharmacological effects like...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Distension of the proximal stomach is a major stimulus for triggering transient lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) relaxations. We have shown recently that atropine inhibits triggering of transient LOS relaxations in both normal subjects and patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Atropine could potentially act centrally by inhibiting the central integrating mechanis...

Background and aims—Distension of the proximal stomach is a major stimulus for triggering transient lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) relaxations. We have shown recently that atropine inhibits triggering of transient LOS relaxations in both normal subjects and patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Atropine could potentially act centrally by inhibiting the central integrating mechanis...

In randomized controlled trials, medication side effects may lead to beliefs that one is receiving the active intervention and enhance active treatment responses, thereby increasing drug-placebo differences. We tested these hypotheses with an experimental double-blind randomized controlled trial of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with and without the addition of atropine to induce side ef...