Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease whose main characteristic is persistent joint inflammation that results in joint damage and loss of function.Although RA is more common in females, extra-articular manifestations of the disease are more common in males. The extra-articular manifestations of RA can occur at any age after onset. It is characterised by destructive polyarth...

The intra-articular injection of local anaesthetic is frequently used for pain relief after arthroscopy. There is, however, no published evidence of the analgesic effect of bupivacaine in the ankle. In a randomised, double-blind study, 35 patients undergoing arthroscopy of the ankle were allocated to receive intra-articular saline or bupivacaine. Pain was assessed using pain scores and addition...

common cause of degenerative joint disease (DJD) in dogs, is a chronic, progressive, noninfectious joint disorder that leads to degeneration of articular cartilage and proliferative changes. Damage to articular cartilage may result from abnormal stresses that disrupt the normal articular surface, in turn leading to joint instability. Consequently, the normal wear pattern as well as the turnover...

The effect of mechanical loading on articular cartilage is the topic chosen for the second editorial of this newly launched journal. The aim of this interesting editorial is to illustrate the cell signaling correlated to the mechanical loading, some aspects of the mechanobiology and the positive and negative effects of the mechanical loading on articular cartilage. The benefits of the mechanica...

osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor that rarely involves joints. although there are several reports of arthroscopic osteoid osteoma excisions, to our knowledge, there are no reports of this type of treatment for osteoid osteoma in carpal bones. we report two cases of arthroscopic (a person who had a pain in the left wrist and the other one with carpal tunnel syndrome) with excision of osteoi...

in order to study the development of knee joint in absence of movement; mouse limb buds were separated from 15 days old embryos and cultured in ham's f-io medium conditioned with 37°c and 5% co2 for 1 to 6 days. the medium was renewed every 24h during incubation. after 6 days, specimens were fixed by buin's fluid, embedded in paraffin wax, serially sectioned and stained with h&e.; the...

RELEVANCE TO MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS: The mechanisms regulating the development of articular cartilage are largely unclear. This study describes for the first time the involvement and roles of members of the ets transcription factor family in establishing and maintaining the phenotype of articular chondrocytes, information which may lead to the design of therapeutic means to restore function...

Abnormal, excessive stresses acting on articular joint surfaces are speculated to be one of the causes for joint degeneration. However, articular surface stresses have not been studied systematically, since it is technically difficult to measure in vivo contact areas and pressures in dynamic situations. Therefore, we implemented a numerical model of articular surface contact using accurate surf...

Focal arthritic defects in the knee lead to pain, swelling, and dysfunction. Treatment of the defects has included drilling, abrasion, and grafting. This report describes our surgical technique of autogenous articular cartilage grafting of aLrthritic and traumatic articular cartilage lesions. Articular cartilage grafting can be performed as a single arthroscopic outpatient procedure. The mixtur...

Intra-articular fractures of the distal radius are more challenging to treat than extra-articular fractures. Optimal treatment is achieved when the pattern of injury is recognized and its component parts are adequately addressed. The importance of the final articular surface alignment has received substantial emphasis, but extra-articular alignment, the overall complexity of the injury, associa...