BACKGROUND This investigation was designed to test the hypothesis that vascular adaptation occurs in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation to maintain left ventricular (LV) performance. METHODS AND RESULTS Forty-five patients with chronic aortic regurgitation (mean age 50+/-14 years) were studied using a micromanometer LV catheter to obtain LV pressures and radionuclide ventriculography ...

an elevated pulmonary artery pressure (pap) from any cause is associated with increased mortality, especially in cases of primary pulmonary arterial hypertension (pah). one of the many reasons behind a bad prognosis is the inherent difficulty in assessing right ventricular (rv) function with reproducible methods. intensive research involving the left heart has made it relatively easy to assess ...

Arterial stiffness describes the rigidity of the arterial wall. Its significance owes to its relationship with the pulsatile afterload presented to the left ventricle and its implications on ventricular-arterial coupling. In adults, the contention that arterial stiffness as a marker and risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is gaining support. Noninvasive methods have increasin...

The interaction between a fluid, elastic structure, and poroelastic material plays a fundamental role in many biomedical applications. An example of such application is the interaction between blood, arterial wall and blood clot. This multi-physics problem features three different types of coupling: fluid-elastic structure coupling, fluid-poroelastic material coupling, and elastic structure-por...

2079 Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is defined foremost by a distinct pulmonary vascular pathophenotype that occurs as a result of dysregulated vascular cell proliferation, intimal and medial hypertrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis. This plexogenic arteriopathy with subtotal luminal obliteration increases pulmonary vascular resistance and imposes a hemodynamic stress on the right ventric...

The upright posture strengthens the coupling between heart period (HP) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) consistently with a greater contribution of the arterial baroreflex to cardiac control, while paradoxically decreasing cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (cBRS). To investigate the physiological mechanisms that mediate the coupling between HP and SAP in response to different postures, we anal...

Abstract In this work we provide a novel energy-consistent formulation for the classical 1D of blood flow in an arterial segment. The resulting reformulation is shown to be suitable coupling with lumped (0D) model heart that incorporates reduced actin-myosin interaction. being consistent energy balances, complete heart-circulation compatible thermodynamics hence stable numerically and informati...

Ventriculo-arterial coupling is expressed as the ratio Emax/eam (maximum ventricular elastance/arterial elastance). Different areas under the end-systolic pressure-volume relation (ESPVR) are expressed in terms of Emax/eam. The explicit inclusion of the active force of the myocardium in the mathematical formalism describing the pressure-volume relation (PVR) leads to new insight into the mechan...

BACKGROUND No unified method exists to effectively predict and monitor progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We assessed the longitudinal relationship between a novel marker of cardiopulmonary reserve and established prognostic surrogate markers in patients with pulmonary vascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty participants with confirmed (n = 14) or at high risk (n = 6) ...