abstract: about 60% of total premium of insurance industry is pertained?to life policies in the world; while the life insurance total premium in iran is less than 6% of total premium in insurance industry in 2008 (sigma, no 3/2009). among the reasons that discourage the life insurance industry is the problem of adverse selection. adverse selection theory describes a situation where the inf...

abstract: in the paper of black and scholes (1973) a closed form solution for the price of a european option is derived . as extension to the black and scholes model with constant volatility, option pricing model with time varying volatility have been suggested within the frame work of generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (garch) . these processes can explain a number of em...

Introduction: in addition to pasture grazing, animals are fed on such sources as manual forage, farm straw, etc. Therefore, due to various socio-economic reasons, overgrazing and forage shortage exert adverse effects on rangelands, leading to their degradation. On the other hand, excessive exploitation of rangelands and changes in their use has led to the expansion of invasive species, altering...

Drought is one of the main and significant factors that increase the potential risk of fire in forests and rangelands. This study was conducted to assess the potential of a soil-moisture index called Keetch-Byram Drought Index (KBDI) for mapping fire risk in the forests and rangelands of Isfahan province using daily climate data in 2006- 2010 period. KBDI is a drought/fire index that ranges fro...

the present study was conducted to investigate the role of summary in teaching grammar process on pre-university students. to this end, 48 male pre-university students in semnan were participants. they were math class that we called experimental group and science class as control group. in order to make sure there was no significant difference in proficiency level of two groups. a pre-test wa...

data envelopment analysis (dea) is a powerful tool for measuring relative efficiency of organizational units referred to as decision making units (dmus). in most cases dmus have network structures with internal linking activities. traditional dea models, however, consider dmus as black boxes with no regard to their linking activities and therefore do not provide decision makers with the reasons...

the present study was concerned with exploring the frequency and linguistic focus of corrective feedback types given by novice and experienced female teachers working with young learners and compared it with those of elementary classes for adults. moreover, it aimed at measuring learners’ acknowledgement of teachers’ corrective feedback in the form of uptake in relation to linguistic coverage o...