Debt is an important source of government funds in developed and developing countries. In countries, debt money for bridging the gap between revenues expenditures. This paper measures impact public on inflation unemployment Nigeria during period 1985 to 2020. It uses annual data 36 years range conduct various types econometric tests. Autoregressive Distributive Lag model (ARDL) Error Correction...

The objective of this paper is to ascertain the impact Chinese FDI on economic growth in Pakistan. This study documents exploration determinants Pakistan by emphasizing significant role played and investments renewable energy particular. employs time series data analysis examine relationship between GDP FDI, inflation, trade openness, exchange rates, interest remittances, consumption from 1990 ...

ABSTRACT-Due to the important role productivity plays in future decision making and programming, the productivity indexes should have accurate quantities. In this study, Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) methods are applied to time series of 1978-2008 to accurately measure total factor productivity (TFP) in the agricultural sector of Iran. The comparison of these...

his study attempts to examine the empirical relationship between gasoline taxes (as the most effective energy carrier of emissions) and labor productivities in the case of Iran using the time series data for the period 1990-2015  usingthe autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. This research tests the interrelationship between the variables using the bounds testing to cointegration proc...

Abstract This study aims at examining the extent to which exchange rate impacts on balance of payments in Algeria (BoP) during period 1980-2019, using Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and Error Correction Model (ECM). approach tests presence a long-run relationship between variables.A set relevant variables, addition rate, were used include real interest oil price, GDP per capita, G...

This study examines whether conventional bank lending rates influence Islamic financing in Indonesia and Malaysia that apply the dual-banking system. We employ ARDL, non-linear ARDL (NARDL) model, Pooled Mean Group (PMG). Evidence of long-run link between rate is found. However, instead symmetry, them asymmetry. The asymmetric pricing some specific contracts such as Mudharaba Murabaha strongly ...

abstractaccording to public choice theory, the features of the tax structure effect on voters' perceptions from the tax burden, so they pay more cost for public goods, lower than the estimate. in this study has been investigated the relationship between tax and public expenditures in the iranian economy during 1360-1390 based on public choice theory to examine the level of government spend...