There are numerous examples of approximately degenerate states of opposite parity in molecular physics. Theory indicates that these doubles can occur in molecules that are reflection-asymmetric. Such parity doubles occur in nuclear physics as well, among nuclei with odd A ∼ 219-229. We have also suggested elsewhere that such doubles occur in particle physics for baryons made up of cbu and cbd q...

Symmetries play important roles in mathematics, physics and mechanics. Since Noether unveiled the profound relations between symmetries and conservation laws, many researches on them were done [1–15]. Recently, symmetry theories have been extended to discrete mechanics and equations [16–25]. As we know, even tiny changes in symmetry, named as perturbation to symmetry, are of great importance fo...

A major issue in general relativity, from its earliest days to the present, is how to extract physical information from any solution or class of solutions to the Einstein equations. Though certain information can be obtained for arbitrary solutions, e.g., via geodesic deviation, in general, because of the coordinate freedom, it is often hard or impossible to do. Most of the time information is ...

We survey recent joint work with Christos Papadimitriou and Paul Goldberg on the computational complexity of Nash equilibria. We show that finding a Nash equilibrium in normal form games is computationally intractable, but in an unusual way. It does belong to the class NP; but Nash’s theorem, showing that a Nash equilibrium always exists, makes the possibility that it is also NP-complete rather...

In this paper‎, ‎we prove a multiplicity result for some biharmonic elliptic equation of Kirchhoff type and involving nonlinearities with critical exponential growth at infinity‎. ‎Using some variational arguments and exploiting the symmetries of the problem‎, ‎we establish a multiplicity result giving two nontrivial solutions‎.

‎In this paper Lie symmetry analysis is applied in order to find new solutions for Fokker Plank equation of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process‎. ‎This analysis classifies the solutions format of the Fokker Plank equation by using the Lie algebra of the symmetries of our considered stochastic process‎.

Expressions for neutrino oscillations contain a high degree of symmetry, but typical forms the oscillation probabilities mask these symmetries parameters. We elucidate ${2}^{7}$ parameter vacuum parameters and draw connections to choice definitions as well interesting degeneracies. also show that in presence matter an additional set exists. Due complexity exact expressions matter, numerous appr...

In this paper, Heir-equations method is applied to investigate nonclassical symmetries and new solutions of the Black-Scholes equation. Nonlinear self-adjointness is proved and infinite number of conservation laws are computed by a new conservation laws theorem.