introduction: the secondary genetic changes other than the pml-rara fusion gene may contribute to the acute promyelocytic leukemogenesis. chromosomal alterations and mutation of flt3 tyrosine kinase receptor are the frequent genetic alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (aml). however, the prognostic significance of flt3 mutations in acute promyelocytic leukemia (apl) is not firmly established....

Since the successful introduction of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and its combination with anthracycline-containing chemotherapy, the prognosis for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has markedly improved. With ATRA and anthracycline-based-chemotherapy, the complete remission rate is greater than 90%, and the long-term survival rate is 70-89%. Moreover, arsenic trioxide (ATO), which was intro...

It is unknown whether neurons can dynamically control the capacity for secretion by promptly changing the number of plasma membrane voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels. To address this, we studied peptide release from the bag cell neurons of Aplysia californica, which initiate reproduction by secreting hormone during an afterdischarge. This burst engages protein kinase C (PKC) to trigger the insertio...

BACKGROUND The estimated incidence of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is approximately 6 cases per 10 million people per year with no apparent differences between sexes. The age of APL cases is younger than that of other acute myeloid leukemias (AML). Spatial and temporal clusters of APL have been reported. These observations suggest a possible selective role for environmental and/or occupat...

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 2.1. The PML gene 2.2. PML nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) 3. PML-NB disruption and acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) 3.1. t (15;17) associated APL and PML-NB disruption 3.2. Alternative APL Fusions 3.3. Homodimerization of the APL fusion proteins 3.4. Is forced dimerization of RARA and transcriptional repression sufficient for leukemogenesis? 4. Evidence supporting PML-NB...

The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) refers to persistent anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL) associated with thrombotic and/or obstetrical complications. The endothelial cell is a target of aPL which can induce a procoagulant and proinflammatory endothelial phenotype, as reported both in vivo and in vitro. Microparticle production is a hallmark of cell activation. In the present study, the prese...

Interference of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) with coagulation was investigated in 40 aPL-patients (24 with thrombosis) using thrombography. Impairment of the activated protein C anticoagulant pathway was partially offset by the genuine anticoagulant effect. The net result, a procoagulant phenotype, was associated with a 7-fold increased risk of thrombosis in aPL-patients.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a specific malignant hematological disorder with a diagnostic hallmark of chromosome translocation t(15;17)(q22;q21). As a very rare secondary cytogenetic aberration in pediatric APL, ider(17q) (q10)t(15;17) was suggested to be a poor prognostic factor based on previous case reports.Here, we report a pediatric APL case with a rare karyotype of ider(17)(q10)...

Neoplastic disease continues to represent one of the most formidable challenges in modern medicine. Many neoplastic lesions stem from the cumulative outcome of a variety of genetic mutations, allowing cells to rely on multiple and often redundant pathways to sustain undesirable growth [1]. In contrast, several forms of leukemia appear to result from unique translocation events that lead to the ...