Introduction APIARY [23~, and subsequently GORENSTEIN Eg] and SAMUEL [2(r proved 9 3-~ t that if (2 is a point on a plane curve then no=2d Q, where dQ=dlmw0/ 9 Q and nQ = dim C'Q/~Q, 9 being the local ring of Q, CQ its normalization, and ~Q the conductor. This condition has received attention from a variety of algebraic geometers, and recently ROQUETTE [19J and BEI~GER [52 have put it i n a rat...

As yet, certain aspects of the Africanization process are not well understood, for example, the reproductive behavior of African and European honeybees and how the first Africanized swarms were formed and spread. Drone congregation areas (DCAs) are the ideal place to study honeybee reproduction under natural conditions since hundreds of drones from various colonies gather together in the same g...

Fermentation by fungi converts stored pollen into bee bread that is fed to honey bee larvae, Apis mellifera, so the diversity of fungi in bee bread may be related to its food value. To explore the relationship between fungicide exposure and bee bread fungi, samples of bee bread collected from bee colonies pollinating orchards from 7 locations over 2 years were analyzed for fungicide residues an...

Sentinel sites, where problems can be identified early or investigated in detail, form an important part of planning for exotic disease outbreaks in humans, livestock and plants. Key questions are: how many sentinels are required, where should they be positioned and how effective are they at rapidly identifying new invasions? The sentinel apiary system for invasive honeybee pests and diseases i...

Honeybees pollinate over 75% of the total food resources produced annually, and they produce valuable hive products, such as bee pollen, propolis, royal jelly. However, species Asian hornet (Vespa velutina) feed on more than 85% honeybees, causing a decline in their population considerable damage to beekeepers Korea. To prevent portable real-time monitoring system was developed that detects V. ...

Urban beekeeping has gained salience because of its significance in biodiversity conservation and community building. Despite this, practices urban areas have received negative perceptions from residents, which stem public safety concerns. There is, therefore, a need to enhance and/or work on appropriate rules for maximizing the profits while minimizing risks. Amongst present regulations, insta...

Humanitarian demining is a worldwide effort and the range of climates environments prevent any one detection method being suitable for all sites, so more tools are required safe efficient explosives sensing. Landmines emit chemical flux over time, honeybees can collect trace residues (as particles or as vapour) on their body hairs. This capability was exploited using passive allowing to freely ...

This study aimed to analyze the challenges of migratory beekeeping enterprises related their production capacity, practices and, marketing in Afyonkarahisar. Some observations, measurements, and apiary land?based assessments were made a total 84 that have been selected randomly with stratified sampling method. Data from face?to?face interviews beekeepers records on farms used via semistructured...

Honey bees collect the main material of propolis from buds, leaves, branches, and barks or other botanical sources mixed that resinous with beeswax produced abdominal exocrine glands, mandibular gland secretions, pollen to produce propolis. The composition changes depends on multiple factors such as honey bee races, geographical locations, phytogeography, harvesting seasons, extraction methods ...

Apiaries must be ecologically and economically sustainable to provide pollination as a unique ecosystem service. Pollination an service is economically, socially, environmentally irreplaceable. Therefore, it essential improve the profitability of beekeeping activities, which are mainly carried out in rural areas. With this mind, main objective article assess one services provided by bees, based...