In this review, I use the body of literature on female–female aggression as a platform to identify how females compete for mates. I also examine the ways in which this competition is similar to and different from the male counterpart, a key step in the development of a unified theory of sexual selection that incorporates the variety of ways in which members of the same sex compete for mates. Re...

As the pace of biological research accelerates, biologists are becoming increasingly reliant on computers to manage the information explosion. Biologists communicate their research findings by relying on precise biological terms; these terms then provide indices into the literature and across the growing number of biological databases. This article examines emerging techniques to access biologi...

The obesity epidemic has fostered increasing interest among manypeople to seekeffective treatment strategies.Relatively few research studies have compared the effectiveness of various diets with different macronutrient composition, and even fewer studies have comparednamedor branded (trade-marked)weight lossprogramsusingcomparable,wellcontrolledassessmentmethodsandoutcomemeasures.There is signi...

If you read other articles in this issue carefully, you might begin to wonder if animal life is going through a hushed up identity crisis: Hummingbirds and canaries have finally come out as dinosaurs (Angielczyck 2009; Chiappe 2009). Despite lacking the four feet of tetrapods (tetra = four, pod = foot), snakes and whales have been embraced by this group (Clack 2009). Elephants are simply confus...

Philip Morris International (PMI) supports scientific data transparency, data sharing and actively encourages the conduct of independent studies on IQOS that are aimed at advancing scientific and medical knowledge or verifying the results we obtained through our assessment program described by Smith et al. To date we have published over 30 peer-reviewed articles describing studies specifically ...

Helicobacter pylori is a well known inhabitant of human stomach which is linked to peptic ulcer disease and gastric adenocarcinoma. It was recently shown in several studies that H. pylori can be harnessed as a surrogate marker of human migration and that its population structure and stratification patterns exactly juxtapose to those of Homo sapiens. This is enough a testimony to convey that H. ...

The standard view that the control of mating behavior by pheromones is mediated by the vomeronasal organ, and not by the main olfactory epithelium, has recently been called into question. In this issue of Cell, two independent studies (Boehm et al., 2005; Yoon et al., 2005) examine the inputs from each of these olfactory pathways to a population of neurons that plays a central role in mating be...

Negative pressure wound therapy is one of the dominant adjunctive wound care modalities used in North America. One company has a proprietary hold on the market for this type of wound therapy and recent wound care literature has focused on the company's products rather than on the concept itself. Currently utilized standards for negative pressure wound therapy are based on a few relatively recen...