The role of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi in forest soil function and tree productivity has become an increasingly important topic for research in light of possible direct large-scale degradation of EM populations in the forests of Europe (Arnolds, 1991). Although there is a rapidly growing body of information being assembled from laboratory studies using pure culture syntheses, there is relativel...

The combination of new underwater technology as remotely operating vehicles (ROVs), high-resolution video imagery, and software to compute georeferenced mosaics of the seafloor provides new opportunities for marine geological or biological studies and applications in offshore industry. Even during single surveys by ROVs or towed systems large amounts of images are compiled. While these underwat...

Formation of fermion bag solitons is an important paradigm in the theory of hadron structure. We report here on our non-perturbative analysis of this phenomenon in the 1+1 dimensional massive Gross-Neveu model, in the large N limit. Our main result is that the extremal static bag configurations are reflectionless, as in the massless Gross-Neveu model. Explicit formulas for the profiles and mass...

This paper reports experiments that explore performance differences in two previous studies that investigated SVM classification of neonatal pain expressions using the Infant COPE database. This database contains 204 photographs of 26 neonates (age 18-36 hours) experiencing the pain of heel lancing and three nonpain stressors. In our first study, we reported experiments where representative exp...

agent oriented software engineering (aose) is an emerging field in computer science  and  proposes some systematic ideas for multi agent systems analysis, implementation and maintenance. despite the various methodologies introduced in the agent-oriented software engineering, the main challenges are defects in different aspects of methodologies. according to the defects resulted from weaknesses ...