Hyoscine-N-butyl bromide is a widely used antispasmodic belonging to the belladonna alkaloid class of semisynthetic quaternary ammonium compounds. These compounds exert a spasmolytic action on the smooth muscles of the bile-gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, salivary glands (xerostomia), and also on the visual apparatus - in particular, the irido-ciliary complex. As a consequence, the...

onion (allium cepa) bulb from liliaceae has antioxidant, spasmolytic and antihypertensive activities. the aim of present study was to investigate the antispasmodic effect of onion peel on rat ileum contractility. onion peel powder was extracted by maceration in 70% alcohol for 72 h. a terminal portion of ileum from male wistar rat was dissected and its contractions were recorded isotonically in...

as a good diffusible stimulant, sudorific and antispasmodic, is generally known, but not one of the text-books I have consulted have a word to say of its expectorant action and its efficacy in pneumonia. Some months ago I first heard of its use in pneumonia and I have had ample opportunity (because it is a hilly country and the temperature is very variable) of testing its effect in 18 cases of ...

Introduction: Nardostachys jatamansi DC. is an important ayurvedic plant. The root and rhizome contain active compounds with carminative, sedative, antispasmodic and tranquilizing properties. It is also used as an insect repellent. Essential oil from the drug shows antimicrobial activity against a number of microorganisms. Method: The present study comprises microscopic and macroscopic studies,...

Protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, PCA) is a simple phenolic acid. It is found in a large variety of edible plants and possesses various pharmacological activities. This article aims to review the modern trends in phytochemical isolation and extraction of PCA from plants and other natural resources. Moreover, this article also encompasses pharmacological and biological activities o...

Bark of Zanthoxylum rhetsa commonly known as “Mullilam” belongs to the Rutaceae family and is widely distributed in India. Zanthoxylum rhetsa bark is a medicinal plant, traditionally used in diabetes, antispasmodic, diuretic, anti-inflammatory and in various ailments. No reports are available on the pharmacognostic work of the bark, hence, the present study was undertaken to investigate the sam...

The leaves and rhizomes of Acorus calamus (Sweet Flag) contain an aromatic oil that has been used medicinally since ancient times and is cultivated in presentday Asia for this reason. The leaves and rhizomes are considered to possess antispasmodic, carminative, and antihelmintic properties and are also used for the treatment of epilepsy, mental ailments, chronic diarrhea, dysentery, bronchial c...