Halyomorpha halys (Stål) is an invasive pest that attacks numerous crops. For growers to make informed management decisions against H. halys, an effective monitoring tool must be in place. We evaluated various trap designs baited with the two-component aggregation pheromone of H. halys and synergist and deployed in commercial apple orchards. We compared our current experimental standard trap, a...

(Meristematic endodermis and secretory structures in adventitious roots of Richterago Kuntze (MutisieaeAsteraceae)). The meristematic endodermis in adventitious roots of Richterago species originates in one of the fundamental meristem cells, which undergo sucessive anticlinal and periclinal divisions to build the inner cortex. The meristematic endodermis or proendodermis remains as a meristemat...

Stagonospora sp. (4/99-1) is a beneficial endophytic fungus frequently transmitted by seeds of Phragmites australis [Cav.] Trin. ex Steudel. Here we show that this fungus also penetrates the root epidermis. At first, hyphae were attracted by the root and proliferated on the root surface, preferably over the anticlinal walls. Penetration occurred directly by undifferentiated hyphae or was facili...