Background: Transgenders, male to female, are exceptionally predominant in India-Pakistan, dreaded be alarming for sexually transmitted diseases. The objective of this study was determine the frequency diseases and their associated risk factors among transgenders.
 Methodology: This cross-sectional conducted amongst transgenders at Institute Paramedical Sciences (IPMS), Khyber Medical Univ...

Type III interferons (IFN-λs) have been demonstrated to inhibit a number of viruses, including HIV. Here, we further examined the anti-HIV effect of IFN-λs in macrophages. We found that IFN-λs synergistically enhanced anti-HIV activity of antiretrovirals [azidothymidine (AZT), efavirenz, indinavir, and enfuvirtide] in infected macrophages. Importantly, IFN-λs could suppress HIV infection of mac...

Dissolvingmicroarray patches (DMAP) contain micron-scale projections and are usually madefrom biocompatible water-soluble polymers containing a high amount of drug intheir tips, to be delivered through the skin layers. The challenge regarding DMAPis detachment tips from baseplate.  This impacts wearing time, deliveryefficiency skin, patient compliance. In our previous work, wereported ...

Abstract Background Treatment monitoring of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in resource-limited settings is challenging. We developed a multi-analyte assay for eleven anti-TB drugs small hair samples as an objective metric drug exposure. Methods Small were collected from participants at various timepoints during directly observed RR-TB treatment inpatient tertiary referral facility South Af...

Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and is a global public health issue. Anti-HIV therapy involving chemical drugs has improved the life quality of HIV/ AIDS patients. However, emergence of HIV drug resistance, side effects and the necessity for long-term antiHIV treatment are the main reasons for failure of antiHIV therapy. ...

Some new diazo incorporated coumarin compounds were designed and synthesized to evaluate their anti-HIV activity. Overall, compounds were active against HIV at 100 μM. Additionally, no cytotoxic effect was observed at this concentration. The compound with 4-chlorobenzyl group indicated the best anti-HIV activity (52%). Docking studies using the later crystallographic data available for PFV inte...

INTRODUCTION Integrating HIV and tuberculosis (TB) treatment can reduce mortality substantially. Practical barriers to treatment integration still exist and include safety concerns related to concomitant drug use because of drug interactions and additive toxicities. Altered therapeutic concentrations may influence the chances of treatment success or toxicity. AREAS COVERED The available data ...

In this study, application of a new hybrid docking-quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) methodology to model and predict the HIV-1 protease inhibition activities of a series of newly synthesized chemicals is reported. This approach can provide valuable information about the most important chemical and structural features of the ligands that affect their inhibitory activities. Doc...