Vascular variations and the accidental cutting of veins and arteries potentially create problems during surgery and medical treatment. The surgeon's awareness of a vascular variation in the kidneys is essential during renal surgery and transplantation, color Doppler imaging, gonadal surgery and in the presence of an abdominal aortic aneurism. This awareness can improve the patient's recove...

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Recent advances in sensor technology are facilitating the deployment of sensors into the environment that can produce measurements at high spatial and/or temporal resolutions. Not only can these data be used to better characterize systems for improved modeling, but they can also be used to produce better understandings of the mechanisms of environmental processes. One such use of these data is ...

The 4:1 equal-delay transformer/balun integral to some impulse radiating antenna (IRA) designs is analyzed including the effects of non-commensurate constituent transmission lines. Specifically, we develop a 2-port Thévenin equivalent source representation of the feed structure that is compatible with most numerical simulations. It is shown that the non-commensurate nature of the balun manifest...

The properties of scattering phases in quantum dots are analyzed with the help of lattice models. We first derive the expressions relating the different scattering phases and the dot Green functions. We analyze in detail the Friedel sum rule and discuss the deviation of the phase of the transmission amplitude from the Friedel phase at the zeroes of the transmission. The occurrence of such zeroe...

The microwave distribution inside a rectangular stack (15 μm×0.72 μm×60 nm) of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x intrinsic Josephson junctions (IJJs) was studied. The stack was microfabricated into a transmission-line geometry, with a-few-hundred-nm-thick Au layers deposited on top and bottom of the stack. The microwave distribution was monitored by measuring the anomalous suppression of the tunneling critical c...

We theoretically investigate optical bistability, mechanically induced absorption (MIA) and Fano resonance of a hybrid system comprising single quantum dot (QD) embedded in solid-state microcavity interacting with the quantized cavity mode deformation potential associated lattice vibration. find that bistability can be tuned by QD-cavity coupling. further show normalized power transmission disp...

This article aims at showing that the meaning of ‘presence’ is closely linked to the concept we have of reality, in particular, to the ontology which we more or less explicitly adopt, and that different ontological positions generate different definitions of ‘presence’, ‘telepresence’ and ‘virtual presence’. This leads us to propose a ‘cultural’ concept of presence as a social construction, bas...

With the increase of computer game users, violent games have attracted attention because of their potential for effects on user behaviors. However, as most violent game studies have focused mainly on aggression, there are relatively few studies about the advertising effects in violent games. Based on the General Aggression Model (GAM), this study investigated whether sensory realism cues (blood...

Previous research has shown that even low end-to-end latency can have adverse effects on performance in virtual environments (VE). This paper reports on an experiment investigating the effect of latency on other metrics of VE effectiveness: physiological response, simulator sickness, and self-reported sense of presence. The VE used in the study includes two rooms: the first is normal and non-th...