Papillary muscle rupture is a lethal complication of after acute myocardial infarction. We report the successful surgical management of complete anterolateral papillary muscle rupture associated with cardiogenic shock in an 80-year-old woman. The patient was admitted with the sudden onset of chest pain and dyspnea. After hemodynamics deteriorated rapidly, she was intubated and intra-aortic ball...

Although the septomarginal trabecula is a well-known anatomical structure, there continue to be different ways of studying it. In this study, we dissected the muscle bundles that form it, and this has enabled us to present a new classification based on the origin, path, and termination of these bundles. This study was conducted on 99 hearts removed from the cadavers of adult humans aged 18 to 8...

Glucagon has a positive inotropic effect in normal hearts but is ineffective in animals with chronic cardiac failure. To assess directly the influence of glucagon on the human myocardium, we measured contractility and activation of adenyl cyclase, the enzyme thought to mediate the inotropic action of glucagon, in left ventricular papillary muscles obtained from 12 patients at mitral valve repla...

We report the case of an 8-year-old patient with severe acute mitral regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation after a motor vehicle collision caused by traumatic injuries of the supporting structures of both valves. An echocardiogram showed avulsion of the posteromedial papillary muscle of the mitral valve and a severely prolapsed anterior tricuspid valve leaflet. In addition, there was a near...

Objective: Annuloplasty rings are used to treat ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR), but their exact effects on 3-D geometry of the overall mitral valve complex during acute left ventricular (LV) ischemia remain unknown. Methods: Radiopaque markers were sutured to the mitral leaflet edges, annulus, papillary muscle tips, and ventricle in three groups of sheep. One group served as control (n 1⁄4...

Guan Y, Gao L, Ma H, Li Q, Zhang H, Yuan F, Zhou Z, Zhang Y. Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia decreases -adrenoceptor activity in right ventricular papillary muscle. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 298: H1267–H1272, 2010. First published January 22, 2010; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00410.2009.— Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) has an effective cardiac protection against ischemia-re...

Anatomical studies were made on 70 necropsied hearts with atrioventricular defects from patients with situs solitus and atrioventricular concordance, all having a common atrioventricular orifice. The arterial connections were concordant in 68 and were double outlet right ventricle in two; cases with arterial discordance (transposition) or single outlet of the heart were excluded. It proved pos...

Although the electrophysiological properties of intramural ventricular myocardial cells are important to an understanding of cardiac excitation and conduction, they have not been well defined. The paucity of information stems from limitations on the depth of penetration by glass microelectrodes and from difficulties in perfusing the deep layers. Therefore, a tissue slicing technique that satisf...