- Abstract Introduction: urban planning expected achievements in Iran, despite its long history, have not been satisfactory & they have not been able to materialize the welfare promised. even the most recent urban planning methods, often based on collaborative patterns, have not responded to the needs of citizens. Failure to implement these programs is affected by several factors. Lack of par...

This paper reviews one of the main controversies in public policy, the concept of city competitiveness and how it responds to the issue of urban decline, accentuating the contribution of urban regeneration to competitiveness of cities through theoretical and case study review (Mashhad’s central historical urban fabrics). Following a review of four main urban regeneration themes within the condi...

     Physical texture in urban space has features such as space decoration, harmony, unity, continuity and spatial consistency in its constituent elements, which are among the most important factors in forming a favorable urban landscape.Wall painting, as one of the urban elements, has a direct relationship with the physical and non-physical dimensions and follows certain requirements in the de...

Objectives: Cities have experienced a boost in their population over last decades however, they have not developed along with such fundamental changes. Due to neglecting population alteration and ignoring vulnerable groups of citizens, urban development has been resulted in social exclusion. Methods & materials: In this regard, elderly is one of the mentioned groups who incur multi...