A succession of doctrines have been advocated in the past for enhancing cybersecurity: prevention, risk management, and deterrence through accountability. None has proved effective, and their failings are discussed. Proposals are now being made to view cybersecurity as a public good or to adopt mechanisms inspired by those used for public health. This landscape is surveyed through the lens that...

We present a developmental model to simulate swimming digital organisms following an animat’s cell doctrine. Morphology and control are encoded in one genome concurrently using artificial cells as the basic building blocks for both. Each individual starts with one cell in the middle of a computational environment, and its development is controlled by a gene regulatory network. The cells can dif...

Over the past several decades, advances in technology have transformed communications and the ability to acquire, disseminate, and utilize information in a range of environments. Modern societies and their respective militaries have taken advantage of a robust information space through networkcentric systems. Because military and commercial operations have increasingly converged, communication ...

With recession lingering and interest rates remaining high, one hears increasingly that the Fed should abandon its money growth targets and move to a policy of lowering interest rates to full employment levels. All would be well, we are told, if only the Fed would set a fixed low interest rate target consistent with full employment and then let the money stock adjust to money demand to achieve ...

One of the most difficult and perplexing tenets of classical theism is the doctrine of divine simplicity. Broadly put, this is generally understood to be the thesis that God is altogether without any proper parts, composition, or metaphysical complexity whatsoever. For a good deal more than a millennium, veritable armies ofphilosophical theologians Jewish, Christian and Islamic proclaimed the t...

As the complexity of military operations increases, defense modeling and simulation (DM&S) has contributed in analytically improving doctrines at various levels. To date, defense modelers concentrate on the best representation model of their targeted system at their targeted level with their targeted doctrine. However, insights into the doctrine from the battle experiment using such models are ...

One of the most important and delicate judicial tasks in patent law is to keep the obviousness doctrine in reasonable working order. There are several reasons why the obviousness doctrine has been the subject of frequent judicial tinkering. First, patentability doctrines interact with each other, so doctrinal alterations that seem to be entirely external to the obviousness doctrine frequently h...

The neuron [4] doctrine is a concept formed during the turn of the twentieth century that describes the properties of neurons, the specialized cells that compose the nervous system. The neuron [4] doctrine was one of two major theories on the composition of the nervous system at the time. Advocates of the neuron [4] doctrine claimed that the nervous system was composed of discrete cellular unit...

Ever since its genesis in the Supreme Court’s famous decision in International News Service v. Associated Press,1 the “hot news” misappropriation doctrine has had to fight for its survival. First came Judge Learned Hand, who in a series of opinions, took the position that International News did not lay down a “general doctrine,” but was instead meant to be limited to the peculiarities of the ne...

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 313 I. THE CONTEXT AND LAW OF INS ........................................... 317 A. AHN and the Declining Newspaper Industry .................... 319 B. Theflyonthewall and New Challenges to the Hot News Doctrine .............................................................................. 321 II....