the us-israeli relationship is regarded as one of the strongest relations between two states in the contemporary world. for a number of cultural, strategic, and political reasons, the us strongly supports the zionist regime. on the other hand, the role of the strong, influential israeli lobby in the us has yet been another significant factor for the close relations between the two countries wit...

place is a part of geographical space and a base for establishment of social relations. each place is unique according to its specific properties, functions and history. meanwhile, some places find symbol identity due to their especial historical events and properties and this identity would be maintained in the minds and moved to the other generations. for example azadi tower in tehran and sav...

This essay examines the Ibero-American history producers who were killed for political reasons during past century. It presents sixty victims from eight countries. Of these, 83% by state forces, 17% non-state forces. Dictatorships had worst scores (58% of victims), while flawed democracies also saw considerable casualties (32%), in contrast to emergent (7%) and stable (3%). Much evidence was fo...

Turnout as the most frequent form of political participation is often supposed to be linked to a relevant degree of political information of citizens. Non-voting on the other hand, is often assumed to be a decision caused by indifference or uninformedness. These stereotypes notwithstanding, there may be good reasons for informed citizens not to cast a vote, just as uninformed citizens may have ...