Herbaria archive a record of changes of worldwide plant biodiversity harbouring millions of specimens that contain DNA suitable for genome sequencing. To profit from this resource, it is fundamental to understand in detail the process of DNA degradation in herbarium specimens. We investigated patterns of DNA fragmentation and nucleotide misincorporation by analysing 86 herbarium samples spannin...

The mitochondrial genome has been the traditional focus of most research into ancient DNA, owing to its high copy number and population-level variability. Despite this long-standing interest in mitochondrial DNA, it was only in 2001 that the first complete ancient mitogenomic sequences were obtained. As a result of various methodological developments, including the introduction of high-throughp...

“Constructing an island for birds is the best demonstration of the environmental sensibility here in landlocked Kars. Beside providing a haven for breeding birds, this island will promote Kars and Lake Kuyucuk,” he said. “We have so far recorded 206 species of birds at Kuyucuk, sometimes exceeding 40,000 individuals at once,” he said. The reedbeds around the lake that provided shelter and nesti...

In 1975, Sarah Pomeroy’s Goddesses, Whores, Wives and Slaves: Women in Classical Antiquity1 broke ground in the study of women in the ancient world, pulling much relevant information together in one book for the first time. This new volume in Blackwell’s Companions to the Ancient World series ambitiously sets out “to draw together, in a methodologically self-conscious way, the advances in schol...

1 Reconstructing Paleogenomes 245 1.1 Ancient DNA 245 1.1.1 The Nature of Ancient DNA 245 1.1.2 The Common Effects of DNA Damage 246 1.2 The Recovery and Sequencing of Ancient DNA 246 1.2.1 Ancient DNA Extraction 246 1.2.2 DNA Library Preparation 247 1.2.3 Capture-Based Target Enrichment 248 1.2.4 Quantification of aDNA and Sequencing 249 1.3 Assembly and Analysis of a Paleogenome 250 1.3.1 Ini...

This paper describes an instrument that can compose a song using predicates of Ancient Greek Music. It employs the methodology and musical notation of this specific music system and at the same time, it provides a mapping mechanism that depicts the whole process to composition predicates of the usual notation of Western Music. The aim of this application is to facilitate the efforts of Ancient ...