Epithelial ovarian cancer cells express the chemokine receptor, CXCR4, which may be associated with increased survival and metastatic potential, but the regulation of this receptor is not understood. The inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is found in ovarian cancer biopsies and is associated with increased tumor grade. In this report, we show that CXCR4 expression on ...

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) decreased the expression of pulmonary surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-B in human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell lines. The effect of TNF alpha on SP-A content and mRNA in the pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell line, H441-4, was concentration and time dependent. TNF alpha decreased the cellular content of SP-A to less than 10% of control 48 h after addition. TNF...

PROBLEM Infertility can accompany mastitis in cattle. Involvement of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in this phenomenon is suggested by observations that circulating concentrations of TNF-alpha are elevated after intramammary infection or infusion of endotoxin. It was hypothesized that (1) TNF-alpha acts on the oocyte during maturation to decrease the percent of oocytes that cleave and ...

We examined the regulation by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in cultured peritubular cells recovered from 20-day-old rat testes. We demonstrated that TNF alpha in a nanomolar dose range stimulated PAI-1 messenger RNA (mRNA; Northern blots) as well as immunoreactive (Western blots) and bioactive (Stachrom) PAI-1 protein. Induction of PAI-1 mR...

Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) is an important determinant of cardiac function. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and angiotensin (Ang) II levels increase after MI and both factors affect fibroblast functions. The type 1 (AT1) receptor that mediates most Ang II effects is upregulated after MI in cardiac fibroblasts, and there is evidence that this i...

Although nerve growth factor (NGF) promotes survival of neurons, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) contributes to cell death triggered by NGF depletion, through TNF-alpha receptor (TNFR) 1. In contrast to this effect, TNF-alpha can promote neural cell survival via TNF-alpha receptor TNFR2. Although these findings demonstrate pivotal roles of TNF-alpha and NGF in cell fate decisions, cross...

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) protein and messenger (m)RNA distribution was studied in biopsy samples of glial brain tumors, using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization with molecular probes, to investigate the role of this cytokine in tumor proliferation and immunological host defense. Focal expression of TNF alpha was detected in four of four glioblastomas, one of two anapl...

A combination of adenosine (Ado) and homocysteine (Homo) enhances tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo in several tumor cells. Ado and Homo at concentrations that enhanced TNF-alpha-mediated cytotoxicity accumulated S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) and as consequence decreased the cellular methylation state, i.e. the ratio of S-adenosylmethionine to AdoHcy. This de...

As a consequence of the proinflammatory environment occurring in dialytic patients, cytokine overproduction has been implicated in hemodialysis co-morbidity. However, there are discrepancies among the various studies that have analyzed TNF-alpha synthesis and the presence of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) priming in this clinical setting. We measured bioactive cytokine by the L929 cel...

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is the key mediator of superantigen-induced T cell lethal shock. Here, we show that nuclear factor of activated T cells transcription factor, NFATp, controls susceptibility to superantigen-induced lethal shock in mice through its activation of TNF-alpha gene transcription. In NFATp-deficient mice, T cell stimulation leads to delayed induction and attenuat...