BACKGROUND High levels of estrogens during pregnancy not only retard placental and fetal growth but can lead to reproductive tract abnormalities in male progeny. Estrogens act through estrogen receptors (ER) to modulate the transcription of target genes. These ER exist in two isoforms, ER alpha and ER beta and recently several variants of these isoforms have been identified. METHODS The expre...

An efficient and accurate method for controlled in vivo transgene modulation by site-directed recombination is described. Seven transgenic mouse founder lines were produced carrying the murine lens-specific alpha A-crystallin promoter and the simian virus 40 large tumor-antigen gene sequence, separated by a 1.3-kilobase-pair Stop sequence that contains elements preventing expression of the larg...

The ability of vaccinia virus to replicate in BSC-40 monkey cells whose nuclei have been functionally inactivated was examined. Exposure of cell monolayers to ultraviolet radiation at doses that did not alter the cells' capacity to support a subsequent infection by a cytoplasmic virus (vesicular stomatitis virus) caused a reduction to less than 10% in the observed yield of infectious progeny fr...

INTRODUCTION Mobile phones hold considerable promise for delivering evidence-based smoking cessation interventions that require frequent and objective assessment of smoking status via breath carbon monoxide (Breath CO) measurement. However, there are currently no commercially available mobile-phone-based Breath CO meters. We developed a mobile-phone-based Breath CO meter prototype that attaches...

The maintenance of the endangered Caspian brown trout Salmo trutta caspius populations in Iran depends on its artificial breeding. There is no information on how current hatchery breeding protocol influences effective population size of breeders (Ne), which is a critical parameter to maintain genetic diversity in future generations. The current hatchery protocol (CHP) was comparatively evaluate...

The digital technology, the wireless communication, and the computer systems have drastically changed the Electric meter generation from Traditional Meter to Automatic Meter. The differences is in how to collect and process information, and traditional meter reading has been long used, and it is still one of the most common ways for meter reading. This method, however, has their disadvantages w...

Energy meter reading is a monotonous and an expensive task. Now the meter reader people goes to each meter and take the meter reading manually to issue the bill which will later be entered in the billing software for billing and payment automation. If the manual meter reading and bill data entry process can be automated then it would reduced the laborious task and financial wastage. “Automatic ...

We described a method for long-term passive measurements of unattached fraction fp of the potential alpha energy concentration of radon progeny from a set of measured (f1, f2, f3) values, where fi=Ci/C0 (i=1, 2, 3), and C0, C1, C2 and C3 were the concentrations of 222Rn, and the airborne concentrations of 218Po, 214Pb and 214Bi, respectively. Jacobi room model parameters were randomly sampled f...

Continuous Air Monitors (CAMs) are used in nuclear facilities to detect airborne alpha-emitting transuranic radionuclides in work areas, stacks and ducts. We have now tested the first commercial version of the original Los Alamos/Texas A&M design for its performance. The penetration of inhalable-size particles onto the CAM filter is better than 80%, with excellent uniformity of sample. With the...