The measurement of blood-plasma absolute velocity distributions with high spatial and temporal resolution in vivo is important for the investigation of embryonic heart at its early stage of development. We introduce a novel method to measure absolute blood flow velocity based on high speed spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and apply it to measure velocities across the heart out...

Dysmorphogenesis of the cardiac outflow tract (OFT) causes many congenital heart defects, including those associated with DiGeorge syndrome. Genetic manipulation in the mouse and mutational analysis in patients have shown that Tbx1, a T-box transcription factor, has a key role in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. Here, we have dissected Tbx1 function during OFT development using genetically mo...

the oxidation of n-pentanol by tetramethylammonium fluorochromate in acidic solution wasstudied using spectrophotometric technique. the reaction was arranged to be under pseudo firstorderconditions respect to the oxidant. a michaelis-menten type kinetic was observed respect tothe substrate. the reaction is catalyzed by hydrogen ions. dependences of the reaction rates ontemperature and different...

Spontaneously produced Unfilled Pauses (UPs) and Filled Pauses (FPs) were played to subjects in an fMRI experiment. While both stimuli resulted in increased activity in the Primary Auditory Cortex, FPs, unlike UPs, also elicited modulation in the Supplementary Motor Area, Brodmann Area 6. This observation provides neurocognitive confirmation of the oft-reported difference between FPs and other ...

The catalytic highly regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselective synthesis of a small library of spiropyrrolizidineoxindolesvia a four-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azomethine ylides, derived from isatin, with electron-deficient dipolarophilewas described. The process occurs at room temperature in aqueous ethanol as a green solvent and in the presence of a bidendatebis(imine)–Cu(...

Even though the last 30 y has witnessed a remarkable increase in worldwide efforts to understand agricultural origins (OA), Gremillion et al. (1) find fault with the vast majority of this work, which they label as “particularism” and argue that it lacks sufficient inclusion of theory in the initial formulation of OA explanations. This label of particularism is applied to a remarkably broad spec...