This paper summarizes the SIGHAN 2014 Chinese Word Segmentation bakeoff in several aspects such as dataset, evaluation results. In addition, we analyze errors of segmentation by instance and make a suggestion for improving segmentation systems. 1 Goal of the Chinese word segmentation bake-off Chinese Word Segmentation is the preliminary step for Chinese information processing, which is extremel...

Current biomedical research methods to evaluate the efficacy of Chinese medicine interventions are often conceptually incompatible with the theory and clinical practice of Chinese medicine. In this commentary, we (1) highlight the theory and principles underlying Chinese medicine clinical practice; (2) use ginseng as an example to describe clinical indications in Chinese medicine; (3) propose a...

Cloud computing is an emerging technology that promises competitive advantages, cost savings, enhanced business processes and services, and various other benefits to enterprises. Despite the rapid technological advancement, the adoption of cloud computing is still growing slowly among small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs). This paper presents a model to support the decisionmaking process, us...

The development of an application based on a set of best software engineering practices involves first their selection. This process may become complex due to the variables involved. This paper presents an Operations Research approach for the selection of best software engineering practices for the development of applications or computational systems considering a series of alternatives and sel...

Studies of basal and histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion were performed in 42 controls, in 133 patients with duodenal ulceration, in 57 patients with gastric ulceration, in 13 patients with both duodenal and gastric ulceration, and in 20 patients with gastric carcinoma. All these subjects were Chinese. Statistical analysis of the results showed that all clinical groups differed from the...

To date, research for Chinese and Japanese character recognition is still preliminary1. Because the number of Kanji, i.e. Chinese characters, is over fifty thousand, it is hard to rely on any general-purpose global model to recognize all Chinese characters. Alternatively, a promising approach is to separate the Chinese characters into several groups. For each group, a local model is developed t...

While the processing of natural language is beneficial to the text mining, Chinese word segmentation is an important step in the processing of Chinese natural language. In this paper, the convergence essence of the segmentation process is analyzed, and a theory of Chinese word segmentation based on language situation is deducted. Based on the segmentation theory, an algorithm of Chinese word se...

A bar-and-joint framework is a finite set of points together with specified distances between selected pairs. In rigidity theory we seek to understand when the remaining pairwise distances are also fixed. If there exists a pair of points which move relative to one another while maintaining the given distance constraints, the framework is flexible; otherwise, it is rigid. Counting conditions due...

 ABSTRACT Background: It is well recognized that different patients respond in different ways to medications. The inter-individual variations are greater than the intera- individual variations, a finding consistent with the notion that inheritance is a determinant of drug responses. The recent identification of genetic polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters led to the ...