BACKGROUND Food borne infections caused by Salmonella enterica species are increasing globally and pregnancy poses a significant threat in developing countries, where sanitation facilities are inadequate. Thus, the present study was designed to delineate the effect of Salmonella infection during pregnancy. METHOD Pregnant, BALB/c mice were challenged orally with Salmonella enterica serovar Ty...

Aims: The active form of vitamin D affects mineral homeostasis and bone metabolism. Stimulation effect of vitamin D in early pregnancy is effective for fetal-placental growth and development. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between 25-hydroxy vitamin D and initiation of labor. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in Taleghani Hospital in Arak in 2008. 152 norma...

This study aimed to preliminary investigate the role of activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) 5 as one of TGF-βR1 subtypes in bone turnover and osteoblastic differentiation induced by fluoride. We analyzed bone mineral density and the expression of genes related with transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) signaling and bone turnover in rats treated by different concentrations of fluoride with or wi...

Peripheral sensory neurons detect diverse physical stimuli and transmit the information into the CNS. At present, the genetic tools for specifically studying the development, plasticity, and regeneration of the sensory axon projections are limited. We found that the gene encoding Advillin, an actin binding protein that belongs to the gelsolin superfamily, is expressed almost exclusively in peri...

Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) is widely considered useful to promote tissue regeneration during periodontal treatment. It has been reported that the main constituent of EMD is amelogenin and that the BMP-like and TGF-beta-like activity of EMD promotes osteogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether those activities are dependent on amelogenin or another growth factor contained in EMD. We per...

Angiogenesis is the process of neovascularization from preexisting blood vessels, whereas vasculogenesis is the process of blood vessel generation from angioblast precursor cells. The human placenta undergoes high levels of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis during fetal development. Additionally, the placenta undergoes a process of vascular mimicry (also referred to as pseudovasculogenesis ) in w...

objectives: osteoblasts are the most important cells in the osseointegration process. despite years of study on dental implants, limited studies have discussed the effect of saliva on the adhesion process of osteoblasts to implant surfaces. the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of saliva on morphology and differentiation of osteoblasts attached to implant surfaces. materials...

Donahue, Henry J., Zhongyong Li, Zhiyi Zhou, and Clare E. Yellowley. Differentiation of human fetal osteoblastic cells and gap junctional intercellular communication. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 278: C315–C322, 2000.—Gap junctional channels facilitate intercellular communication and in doing so may contribute to cellular differentiation. To test this hypothesis, we examined gap junction expre...

Thyroid hormones (THs) are essential for normal fetal development, with even mild perturbation in maternal thyroid status in early pregnancy being associated with neurodevelopmental delay in children. Transplacental transfer of maternal THs is critical, with increasing evidence suggesting a role for 3,3',5-tri-iodothyronine (T3) in development and function of the placenta itself, as well as in ...

In the present study, we investigated the role of the phytoestrogen genistein and 17beta-estradiol in human bone marrow stromal cells, undergoing induced osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation. Profiling of estrogen receptors (ERs)-alpha, -beta1, -beta2, -beta3, -beta4, -beta5, and aromatase mRNAs revealed lineage-dependent expression patterns. During osteogenic differentiation, the osteoblas...