Cues associated with familiar alcoholic drinks such as beer may, through repeated association with the unconditioned stimulus properties of alcohol, acquire the status of classically conditioned stimuli. It has been proposed that such drug-related conditioned stimuli mediate drug tolerance. Thus, the aim of the present experiment was to test this proposition on cognitive, subjective, and psycho...

Rhamnus prinoides (gesho) which is belongs to the family Rhamnaceae and order Rhamnales a dicotyledonous angiosperm plant. In Ethiopia, plant utilized as bittering agent in local alcoholic beverages. Due its substance compositions it could have potential be used raw material for However, knowledge of hop substitute during beverage production limited. The major goal this research was investigate...

Although cross-sectional studies have shown an inverse or U-shaped relation between alcohol consumption and plasma concentration of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), the associations between specific types of alcoholic beverages--beer, wine, and liquor--and hs-CRP concentrations are less clear. Plasma concentrations of hs-CRP were measured in 11,815 participants in the Women's Healt...

AIM To investigate the influence of psychological and social factors on health risk behaviors, such as smoking, alcohol and psychoactive drug consumption among adolescents and to determine the prevalence of consuming various psychoactive substances. METHODS The survey was conducted among adolescents in the Primorsko-goranska County in Croatia in 2003. The prevalence of smokers, alcohol, and p...

Extinction is the reduction in drug seeking when the contingency between drug seeking behavior and the delivery of drug reward is broken. Here, we investigated a role for the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh). Rats were trained to respond for 4% (v/v) alcoholic beer in one context (Context A) followed by extinction in a second context (Context B). Rats were subsequently tested in the training con...

BACKGROUND Moderate alcohol consumption has been shown to be positively associated with increased bone mineral density (BMD). However, other lifestyle choices have also been shown to have an effect on bone health. OBJECTIVE The objective was to examine the association between alcohol intake and BMD in women around menopause in the United Kingdom and to determine whether any association is ind...

In order to compare data on intake of wine, beer and spirits from a frequency questionnaire with intake of each type of alcoholic beverage estimated from a dietary interview, a randomly selected sub-sample of 244 women and 249 men aged 35-65 years was cross-sectionally studied. The sample was a sub-sample of the Danish MONICA study. Mean outcome measure in the study was the differences in intak...

Alcohol consumption is associated with increased HDL cholesterol levels, which may indicate stimulated reverse cholesterol transport. The mechanism is, however, not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of alcohol consumption on the first two steps of the reverse cholesterol pathway: cellular cholesterol efflux and plasma cholesterol esterification. Eleven healthy middle-aged...

UNLABELLED Alcohol is known to cause damage to the gastric epithelium independently of gastric acid secretion. Different alcoholic beverages exert different damaging effects in the stomach. However, this has not been systematically evaluated. Moreover, it is not known whether the non-alcoholic components of alcoholic beverages also play a role in the pathogenesis of gastric epithelial cell dama...

Beer and palm wine are two alcoholic beverages that play an important role in local ceremonies and other social life of Nigerians especially in the Southern part of the country. This study was to compare the teratogenic effect of maternal administration of various doses of beer and fermented palm wine on the histological features of the fetal cerebral cortex of wistar rats. The percentage of al...